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Historical map of the Chola Empire, where Tamil was the language of administration. The following is a list of sovereign states and territories where Tamil is an official language or language of government. Tamil is the 17th most spoken language in the world. Tamil language speakers make up approximately 1.06% of the world population.
Modern spoken Tamil also shows a number of sound changes, in particular, a tendency to lower high vowels in initial and medial positions, [55] and the disappearance of vowels between plosives and between a plosive and rhotic. [56] Contact with European languages affected written and spoken Tamil.
States and union territories of India by the spoken first language [1] [note 1]. The Republic of India is home to several hundred languages.Most Indians speak a language belonging to the families of the Indo-Aryan branch of Indo-European (c. 77%), the Dravidian (c. 20.61%), the Austroasiatic (precisely Munda and Khasic) (c. 1.2%), or the Sino-Tibetan (precisely Tibeto-Burman) (c. 0.8%), with ...
Hindi, which has the largest number of first-language speakers in India today, [24] ... Tamil is a Dravidian language predominantly spoken in Tamil Nadu, ...
Most spoken languages, Ethnologue, 2024 [6] Language Family Branch First-language (L1) speakers Second-language (L2) speakers Total speakers (L1+L2) English (excl. creole languages) Indo-European: Germanic: 380 million 1.135 billion 1.515 billion Mandarin Chinese (incl. Standard Chinese, but excl. other varieties) Sino-Tibetan: Sinitic: 941 ...
[142] [199] Though the old Tamil preserved features of Proto-Dravidian language, [200] modern-day spoken Tamil uses loanwords from other languages such as English. [ 201 ] [ 202 ] The existent Tamil grammar is largely based on the grammar book Naṉṉūl which incorporates facets from the old Tamil literary work Tolkāppiyam . [ 203 ]
English, Sinhala and Tamil languages on a war grave memorial plate in Kandy. (click to see full view of memorial plate) English in Sri Lanka is fluently spoken by approximately 23.8% [4] of the population, and widely used for official and commercial purposes. It is the native language of approximately 74,000 people, mainly in urban areas.
List of countries and territories where Tamil is an official language; Tamil population by nation; Tamil population by cities; References