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The government budget is both a product of government administration and political democratization. [7] The emergence of the capitalist mode of production and the high level of development of the commodity economy led to an expansion of the state's financial resources and a massive increase in both revenue and expenditure.
The United States budget comprises the spending and revenues of the U.S. federal government.The budget is the financial representation of the priorities of the government, reflecting historical debates and competing economic philosophies.
President Obama's 2010 budget proposal includes a total of $663.8 billion, including $533.8 billion for the DOD and $130 billion for overseas contingencies, primarily the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. The proposed DoD base budget represents an increase of $20.5 billion over the $513.3 billion enacted for fiscal 2009.
Congress is supposed to pass 12 annual appropriations bills — also known as spending or government funding bills — by October 1, the start of the new fiscal year. But this rarely happens.
Traditionally, regular appropriations bills have provided most of the federal government's annual funding. [5] The text of the bill is divided into "accounts" with some larger agencies having several separate accounts (for things like salaries or research/development) and some smaller agencies just having one. [5]
A balanced budget requirement is a law that requires a government to balance its budget annually, such that government spending equals government revenue. [27] There are two types of balanced budget requirements: ex-post balanced budget requirements, and ex-ante balanced budget requirements.
Medicare is a government administered health insurance program for senior citizens. [9] In the 10 years following the creation of Medicare, mandatory spending increased from 30 percent to over 50 percent of the federal budget. The graph to the right shows the larger share of the Federal Budget that mandatory spending has taken up over time.
A budget is a calculation plan, usually but not always financial, for a defined period, often one year or a month.A budget may include anticipated sales volumes and revenues, resource quantities including time, costs and expenses, environmental impacts such as greenhouse gas emissions, other impacts, assets, liabilities and cash flows.