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Climate change can affect crops, livestock, soil and water resources, rural communities, and agricultural workers. The agriculture sector also emits greenhouse gases into the atmosphere that contribute to climate change.
Using advanced climate and agricultural models, scientists found that the change in yields is due to projected increases in temperature, shifts in rainfall patterns, and elevated surface carbon dioxide concentrations from human-caused greenhouse gas emissions.
There are numerous effects of climate change on agriculture, many of which are making it harder for agricultural activities to provide global food security. Rising temperatures and changing weather patterns often result in lower crop yields due to water scarcity caused by drought, heat waves and flooding. [5]
As a quick reminder, there are three ways that CO2 emissions and climate change can affect agriculture. First, plants can benefit from higher CO2 levels in the atmosphere; this is called “carbon fertilization”. Wheat and rice — so-called “C3” crops — can significantly benefit from more CO2.
Climate change impacts on agriculture must be understood in the context of the intertwined systems that affect food security and agricultural trade, including biological, socioeconomic, and political processes.
Climate change effects on agriculture will have consequences for food security, both in the U.S. and globally, through changes in crop yields and food prices and effects on food processing, storage, transportation, and retailing.
Climate change challenges efforts to maintain and improve crop production in many regions. In this Review, we examine yield responses to warmer temperatures, elevated carbon dioxide and changes...
Based on a comprehensive review of pre-existing science, the study predicts that climate change is likely to compound agriculture’s existing impacts by shrinking harvests, reducing the effectiveness of synthetic inputs like fertilizers, and accelerating the damage caused by crop pests and soil erosion.
Agriculture and fisheries are highly dependent on the climate. Increases in temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) can increase some crop yields in some places. But to realize these benefits, nutrient levels, soil moisture, water availability, and other conditions must also be met.
ERS conducts research on a range of climate change issues related to agriculture, including: The impacts of climate change and weather on crop production, livestock production, and international trade; The implications of climate change for agricultural markets and the cost of government policies/programs