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There are several types of lunar month. The term lunar month usually refers to the synodic month because it is the cycle of the visible phases of the Moon. Most of the following types of lunar month, except the distinction between the sidereal and tropical months, were first recognized in Babylonian lunar astronomy.
January 1: New Year's Day: Tết dương lịch: 1: International public holiday From the 2nd last day of the last lunar month to 5th day of the first lunar month: Vietnamese New Year (Tet) Tết Nguyên Đán: 5: Lunar New Year Largest and most important holiday of the year, occurring around late January to early February 10th day of the 3rd ...
Since each lunation is approximately 29 + 1 ⁄ 2 days, [1] it is common for the months of a lunar calendar to alternate between 29 and 30 days. Since the period of 12 such lunations, a lunar year, is 354 days, 8 hours, 48 minutes, 34 seconds (354.36707 days), [1] purely lunar calendars are 11 to 12 days shorter than the solar year.
The effect of this is that the Vietnamese New Year would fall on 21 January 1985, whereas the Chinese New Year would fall on 20 February 1985, a one-month difference. The two calendars agreed again after a leap month lasting from 21 March to 19 April of that year was inserted into the Vietnamese calendar.
Because 0.36826 is between 1 ⁄ 3 and 1 ⁄ 2, a typical year of 12 months needs to be supplemented with one intercalary or leap month every 2 to 3 years. More precisely, 0.36826 is quite close to 7 ⁄ 19 (about 0.3684211): several lunisolar calendars have 7 leap months in every cycle of 19 years (called a ' Metonic cycle ').
The Synodic months are used to compose the years while the 27 lunar sidereal days (Sanskrit: nakshatra), alongside the 12 signs of the zodiac, are used for astrological calculations. [6] The Burmese calendar also recognizes a solar month called Thuriya Matha , which is defined as 1/12th of a year. [ 7 ]
The formal lunar day is therefore the time of a full lunar day-night cycle. Due to tidal locking, this equals the time that the Moon takes to complete one synodic orbit around Earth, a synodic lunar month, returning to the same lunar phase. The synodic period is about 29 + 1 ⁄ 2 Earth days, which is about 2.2 days longer than its sidereal period.
Tết Đoan Ngũ, Tết Trùng Nhĩ or Tết Nửa Năm (Nửa Năm: a half of a year) is a festival celebrated at noon on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. [1] This day is the day around the time when the tail of the Great Bear points directly to the south, that is, around the time of the summer solstice.