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There is an enormous number of possible arrangements of lipid bilayer membranes, and those with the best reproductive characteristics would have converged toward a hypercycle reaction, [145] [146] a positive feedback composed of two mutual catalysts represented by a membrane site and a specific compound trapped in the vesicle.
In statistical hypothesis testing, a two-sample test is a test performed on the data of two random samples, each independently obtained from a different given population. The purpose of the test is to determine whether the difference between these two populations is statistically significant .
A scenario is a set of related concepts pertinent to the origin of life (abiogenesis), such as the iron-sulfur world. Many alternative abiogenesis scenarios have been proposed by scientists in a variety of fields from the 1950s onwards in an attempt to explain how the complex mechanisms of life could have come into existence. These include ...
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. Traditional religion attributed the origin of life to deities who created the natural world. Spontaneous generation, the first naturalistic theory of abiogenesis, goes back to Aristotle and ancient Greek philosophy, and continued to have support in Western scholarship until the 19th century. [15]
(This multiplication will show the population for an individual sequence at that distance, and will yield a flat line for an equal distribution.) The selective advantage of the master sequence is set at a=1.05. The horizontal axis is the Hamming distance d . The various curves are for various total mutation rates ().
However, given that O 2 is a stronger absorber than CO 2, it is possible that O 2 might have an effect in situations where CO 2 is a smaller constituent in the atmosphere. [22] At such high levels, O 2 may start to have a noticeable effect on UV transmission, but at abiogenesis it is unlikely that high levels were achieved given a strong ...
A.Wilson's drawings of sunspots [a]. In 1965 astronomer Ernst Julius Öpik wrote the article "Is the Sun Habitable?" in which he described that in 1774 Alexander Wilson of Glasgow, remarking that sunspots are apparently lower than the rest of the surface of the Sun, hypothesised that the interior of the Sun is colder than its surface and possibly suitable for life. [2]
Autotrophs that produced organic compounds from CO 2, either photosynthetically or by inorganic chemical reactions; Heterotrophs that obtained organics from leakage of other organisms; Saprotrophs that absorbed nutrients from decaying organisms; Phagotrophs that were sufficiently complex to envelop and digest particulate nutrients, including ...