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  2. Irreversible process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreversible_process

    An irreversible process increases the total entropy of the system and its surroundings. The second law of thermodynamics can be used to determine whether a hypothetical process is reversible or not. Intuitively, a process is reversible if there is no dissipation. For example, Joule expansion is irreversible because initially the system is not ...

  3. Loschmidt's paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loschmidt's_paradox

    In physics, Loschmidt's paradox (named for J.J. Loschmidt), also known as the reversibility paradox, irreversibility paradox, or Umkehreinwand (from German 'reversal objection'), [1] is the objection that it should not be possible to deduce an irreversible process from time-symmetric dynamics.

  4. Dollo's law of irreversibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dollo's_law_of_irreversibility

    The statement is often misinterpreted as claiming that evolution is not reversible, [3] or that lost structures and organs cannot reappear in the same form by any process of devolution. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] According to Richard Dawkins , the law is "really just a statement about the statistical improbability of following exactly the same evolutionary ...

  5. Process theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_theory

    Process theories are important in management and software engineering. [3] Process theories are used to explain how decisions are made [4] how software is designed [5] [6] and how software processes are improved. [7] Motivation theories can be classified broadly into two different perspectives: Content and Process theories.

  6. Maslow's hierarchy of needs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maslow's_hierarchy_of_needs

    Maslow proposed his hierarchy of needs in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in the journal Psychological Review. [1] The theory is a classification system intended to reflect the universal needs of society as its base, then proceeding to more acquired emotions. [18]

  7. Category:Motivational theories - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Motivational_theories

    It should only contain pages that are Motivational theories or lists of Motivational theories, as well as subcategories containing those things (themselves set categories). Topics about Motivational theories in general should be placed in relevant topic categories .

  8. Landauer's principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landauer's_principle

    Landauer's principle is a physical principle pertaining to a lower theoretical limit of energy consumption of computation.It holds that an irreversible change in information stored in a computer, such as merging two computational paths, dissipates a minimum amount of heat to its surroundings. [1]

  9. John William Atkinson - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_William_Atkinson

    A Theory of Achievement Motivation, By John William Atkinson and Norman T. Feather, Volume 6, Wiley, (1966), Krieger Pub Co (June 1, 1974), ISBN 0-88275-166-2 Motivation and Achievement , By John William Atkinson and Joel O. Raynor , Winston; [distributed by Halsted Press Division, New York] (1974) ISBN 0-470-03626-5 , ISBN 978-0-470-03626-6