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An electret microphone is a microphone whose diaphragm forms a capacitor (historically-termed a condenser) that incorporates an electret. The electret's permanent electric dipole provides a constant charge Q on the capacitor.
Electret microphones are the most commonly used microphones today. Every cellphone and laptop has one embedded into it, and many studio microphones are also electrets. They can have an extremely wide frequency response (from 10Hz to 30kHz ), and typically cost less than a dollar.
In this complete guide, we'll further define electret condenser microphones (ECMs), looking at their design characteristics, how they work, their applications, and, of course, a few electret microphone examples.
An electret microphone is a variation of the condenser microphone. Instead of requiring an external voltage source to charge the diaphragm, an electret microphone uses a permanently charged plastic element (electret) placed in parallel with a conductive metal backplate.
The most common and versatile form of microphone device employed in electronic circuits are the electret microphones. These MICs are miniature in size, extremely sensitive, and are able to capture or respond to sound vibrations from across all angles, that is from across a full 360 degree angle.
The post provides an overview of Electret Condenser Microphones (ECMs) and describes practical ways of using them to drive standard microphone inputs.
An electret microphone is a type of condenser microphone that uses a material known as an “electret” to provide a permanent charge. The word “electret” is a portmanteau of “electric” and “magnet”, mirroring the term “magnet” that stands for a permanently magnetized material.
An Electret Condenser microphone (a.k.a Condenser Microphone) is the most common type of transducer that is used to detect or measure sound signals. It functions exactly as opposite of a normal speaker, that is when a sound signal is detected it produces electrical signals.
An electret condenser microphone is a condenser-type microphone that works on electrostatic principles. It contains a capsule that works as a capacitor and an electric material inside it that charges the capacitor.
In a true capacitor mic, the electrical charge comes from phantom power or from a separate power supply, such as those supplied with tube microphones. However, electret microphones use a different method for keeping the capsule charged, employing an electret material.