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Mars 3 was a robotic space probe of the Soviet Mars program, launched May 28, 1971, nine days after its twin spacecraft Mars 2. The probes were identical robotic spacecraft launched by Proton-K rockets with a Blok D upper stage, each consisting of an orbiter and an attached lander .
The orbiter reached Mars orbit on September 24, 2014. Through this mission, ISRO became the first space agency to succeed in its first attempt at a Mars orbiter. The mission is the first successful Asian interplanetary mission. [6] Ten days after ISRO's launch, NASA launched their seventh Mars orbiter MAVEN to study the Martian atmosphere.
First Mars orbiter Mars 2 orbiter USSR 27 November 1971 [15] Mission terminated 22 August 1972; spacecraft in derelict orbit First Soviet spacecraft to orbit Mars Mars 3 orbiter USSR 2 December 1971 [15] Mission terminated on August 22, 1972 Mars 5 orbiter [16] USSR 12 February 1974 Contact lost on 28 February 1974 due to a loss of ...
Mars 3: Mars 3 (4M No.172) 28 May 1971 Soviet Union: Orbiter Successful On December 2 it became in short sequence the third spacecraft to orbit another planet. [5] Operated for 20 orbits [8] [9] Proton-K/D: Mars 3 lander (SA 4M No.172) Lander Partial success [10] [11] First lander to make a soft landing on Mars. Landed on 2 December 1971.
With Mars-2 and Mars-3 in 1971–1972, information was obtained on the nature of the surface rocks and altitude profiles of the surface density of the soil, its thermal conductivity, and thermal anomalies detected on the surface of Mars. The program found that its northern polar cap has a temperature below −110 °C (−166 °F) and that the ...
The most detailed images and observations ever captured of one of Mars' moons have been released by scientists. Pictures taken by Hope Probe from the UAE Space Agency's Emirates Mars Mission (EMM ...
After a time, the ice disappears, evaporating into the atmosphere. The ice is only a few feet deep. The ice was confirmed with the Compact Imaging Spectrometer (CRISM) on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO). The ice was found in five locations. Three of the locations are in the Cebrenia quadrangle. These locations are 55.57° N, 150.62 ...
The Soviet probe Mars 3 is thought to have successfully landed in Ptolemaeus crater on 2 December 1971, but contact was lost seconds after landing due to a dust storm occurring at the time. [2] On 11 April 2013, NASA announced that the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) may have imaged the Mars 3 lander hardware on the surface of Mars.