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Eridu Genesis, also called the Sumerian Creation Myth, Sumerian Flood Story and the Sumerian Deluge Myth, [1] [2] offers a description of the story surrounding how humanity was created by the gods, how the office of kingship entered human civilization, the circumstances leading to the origins of the first cities, and the global flood.
The cylinder is inscribed with a Sumerian cuneiform mythological text, found at the site of Nippur in 1889 during excavations conducted by the University of Pennsylvania.The cylinder takes its name from George Barton, who was the first to publish a transcription and translation of the text in 1918 in "Miscellaneous Babylonian Inscriptions". [2]
In Mesopotamian mythology, the Tablet of Destinies [a] (Sumerian: 𒁾𒉆𒋻𒊏 dub namtarra; [1] Akkadian: ṭup šīmātu, ṭuppi šīmāti) was envisaged as a clay tablet inscribed with cuneiform writing, also impressed with cylinder seals, which, as a permanent legal document, conferred upon the god Enlil his supreme authority as ruler of the universe. [2]
The tablet is 5 by 2.6 by 1.25 inches (12.7 by 6.6 by 3.2 cm) at its thickest point. Barton describes the text as an "elaborate statement of the non-existence of many things once upon a time" and considered it a "statement that mankind was brought into existence through the physical union of a god and a goddess."
The Kesh temple hymn, Liturgy to Nintud, or Liturgy to Nintud on the creation of man and woman, is a Sumerian tablet, written on clay tablets as early as 2600 BCE. [1] Along with the Instructions of Shuruppak , it is the oldest surviving literature in the world.
[3] [4] The tablet dates to the early 2nd millennium BC. He obtained another document, a rather damaged prism similar to the Weld-Blundell Prism, which he translated in 1934, and completed using information from the 1911 tablet and other known documents. [5] The 1911 tablet is currently owned by the British Museum, but is not on display. [6] [7]
Reading the spoken and written word inscribed on cuneiform tablets can help create an accurate picture of what life and culture may have looked like 2,000 to 4,500 years ago, according to George.
The Kish tablet is a limestone tablet found at the site of the ancient Sumerian city of Kish in modern Tell al-Uhaymir, Babylon Governorate, Iraq. A plaster cast of the tablet is in the collection of the Ashmolean Museum , while the original is housed at the Iraq Museum in Baghdad .