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  2. Value added - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_added

    Value added is a term in financial economics for calculating the difference between market value of a product or service, and the sum value of its constituents. It is relatively expressed to the supply-demand curve for specific units of sale. [ 1 ]

  3. Marginal product of labor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginal_product_of_labor

    A Review of Economics and Economic Methodology argues against pay to their marginal product to pay equal to the amount of their labor input. [14] This is known as the Labor theory of value . Marx characterizes the value of labor as a relationship between the person and things and how the perceived exchange of products is viewed socially. [ 15 ]

  4. Gross value added - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_value_added

    In economics, gross value added (GVA) is the measure of the value of goods and services produced in an area, industry or sector of an economy. "Gross value added is the value of output minus the value of intermediate consumption; it is a measure of the contribution to GDP made by an individual producer, industry or sector; gross value added is the source from which the primary incomes of the ...

  5. Measures of national income and output - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measures_of_national...

    The value that should be included in final national output should be $60, not the sum of all those numbers, $100. The values added at each stage of production over the previous stage are respectively $10, $20, and $30. Their sum gives an alternative way of calculating the value of final output. Key formulae are:

  6. GDP deflator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GDP_deflator

    GDP stands for gross domestic product, the total monetary value of all final goods and services produced within the territory of a country over a particular period of time (quarterly or annually). Like the consumer price index (CPI), the GDP deflator is a measure of price inflation/deflation with respect to a specific base year; the GDP ...

  7. Velocity of money - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velocity_of_money

    The velocity of money provides another perspective on money demand.Given the nominal flow of transactions using money, if the interest rate on alternative financial assets is high, people will not want to hold much money relative to the quantity of their transactions—they try to exchange it fast for goods or other financial assets, and money is said to "burn a hole in their pocket" and ...

  8. Intermediate good - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediate_good

    Intermediate goods are not counted in a country's GDP, as that would mean double counting, because the value of the intermediate good is included in the value of the final good. [3] U.S. and Chinese Trade in Goods with ASEAN Countries by Use, 2014. The value-added method can be used to calculate the amount of intermediate goods incorporated ...

  9. Effective rate of protection - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective_rate_of_protection

    If the home country imposes a 20% tariff on shoes, but no tariff on leather, shoes would sell for $180 in the home country, and the value added for the domestic shoe maker would increase by $30, from $50 to $80. The domestic shoe maker is afforded a 60% effective rate of protection per dollar of value added.