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Hydropower (from Ancient Greek ὑδρο-, "water"), also known as water power or water energy, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines. This is achieved by converting the gravitational potential or kinetic energy of a water source to produce power. [ 1 ]
US hydropower generated 1949-2008 (blue), and hydropower as percent of total US electricity (red). Hydroelectric power generation in the United States. The earliest hydroelectric power generation in the U.S. was utilized for lighting and employed the better understood direct current (DC) system to provide the electrical flow.
Hydropower supplies 15% of the world's electricity, almost 4,210 TWh in 2023, [1] which is more than all other renewable sources combined and also more than nuclear power. [2] Hydropower can provide large amounts of low-carbon electricity on demand, making it a key element for creating secure and clean electricity supply systems. [2]
It was the world’s first pumped-storage facility to use seawater for storing energy. [1] Its maximum output was 30 MW. [2] Construction of the plant started in 1987 and was completed in 1999 [3] at a cost of ¥3.2 billion. It was dismantled in 2016.
In 1971, the university was renamed Hebei Water Conservancy and Hydropower College. In 1977, the university was relocated to Bengbu, Hebei, and in 1978 was renamed as the North China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower. In 1990, the university was moved for a third time to its current location in Zhengzhou, Henan.
The dam of Chaira Hydro Power Plant, the largest in Bulgaria Ivaylovgrad Dam In 2021, hydroelectricity generated 11% of Bulgaria’s electricity . [ 1 ] As of 2020, the country's total installed electricity capacity was approximately 12,839 MW, with hydropower contributing 25%, or 3,213 MW.
By funneling running water into a canal, this system can generate electricity
Kakono Power Station is a run-of-river hydropower plant, with planned capacity installation of 87.8 MW (117,700 hp), when completed. The project will involve the construction of a gravity roller-compacted concrete dam.