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  2. Conservation and restoration of bone, horn, and antler objects

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_and...

    Water can come from roofs leaking during rainstorms, floods, fire sprinkler systems, or broken pipes. [7] It can soften and destroy the bone, antler, or horn if it becomes waterlogged. Mold and mildew growth can cause further damage. If the water in the crevices or pores of the bone, antler, or horn were to freeze, it would crack the object.

  3. Maceration (bone) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maceration_(bone)

    Most medium-sized animals (like dogs) are macerated within about ten days. Lipids and fatty acids in the bone and in the fat tissues tend to stain the bone brown. Oxidising bleaches may be used to whiten the bone, but if too much is used the perchlorate or hypochlorite damages the bone tissue, leaving it chalky and brittle. Hydrogen peroxide at ...

  4. Corpse decomposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpse_decomposition

    A fresh pig carcass. At this stage the remains are usually intact and free of insects. The corpse progresses through algor mortis (a reduction in body temperature until ambient temperature is reached), rigor mortis (the temporary stiffening of the limbs due to chemical changes in the muscles), and livor mortis (pooling of the blood on the side of the body that is closest to the ground).

  5. Decomposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decomposition

    A basic guide for the effect of environment on decomposition is given as Casper's Law (or Ratio): if all other factors are equal, then, when there is free access of air a body decomposes twice as fast as if immersed in water and eight times faster than if buried in the earth. Ultimately, the rate of bacterial decomposition acting on the tissue ...

  6. Skeletonization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletonization

    Different types of bones found in the human body. Once a pool of skeletal remains is collected, bones and non bone materials will be mixed together. In order to avoid non bone materials being misinterpreted as bones, the following methods are applied to increase the efficiency of distinguishing bones and non bone materials. [7]

  7. Archaeologists discover key tool that helped early Americans ...

    www.aol.com/archaeologists-discover-key-tool...

    Instead, the needles were created from the bones of red foxes, bobcats, mountain lions, lynx, the now-extinct American cheetah, and hares or rabbits, the study found.

  8. Conservation and restoration of human remains - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_and...

    Cleaning of human remains varies by type. If necessary, surface cleaning of bone can be done with a very mild detergent and water solution, but bones should never be soaked in order to prevent dirt from becoming embedded in pores. [2] The possibility of cleaning human remains is highly dependent on the fragility of the specimen.

  9. Conservation and restoration of taxidermy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation_and...

    These methods will leave the feathers in good condition in their natural alignment. However, solvents may be needed to clean feathers if dust is held in place by grease, which can leach out of skins. Distilled water may be used if dry methods fail, but more stubborn dust may need to be cleaned with non-denatured 70% ethanol.