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[6] Matching has been promoted by Donald Rubin. [4] It was prominently criticized in economics by Robert LaLonde (1986), [7] who compared estimates of treatment effects from an experiment to comparable estimates produced with matching methods and showed that matching methods are biased. Rajeev Dehejia and Sadek Wahba (1999) reevaluated LaLonde ...
This reconstructed or shadow manifold is diffeomorphic to the true manifold, , preserving instrinsic state space properties of in . Convergent Cross Mapping (CCM) leverages a corollary to the Generalized Takens Theorem [ 2 ] that it should be possible to cross predict or cross map between variables observed from the same system.
Cross-validation, [2] [3] [4] sometimes called rotation estimation [5] [6] [7] or out-of-sample testing, is any of various similar model validation techniques for assessing how the results of a statistical analysis will generalize to an independent data set.
Radius matching: all matches within a particular radius are used -- and reused between treatment units. Kernel matching: same as radius matching, except control observations are weighted as a function of the distance between the treatment observation's propensity score and control match propensity score. One example is the Epanechnikov kernel ...
Rubin defines a causal effect: Intuitively, the causal effect of one treatment, E, over another, C, for a particular unit and an interval of time from to is the difference between what would have happened at time if the unit had been exposed to E initiated at and what would have happened at if the unit had been exposed to C initiated at : 'If an hour ago I had taken two aspirins instead of ...
Repeated measures analysis of variance (rANOVA) is a commonly used statistical approach to repeated measure designs. [3] With such designs, the repeated-measure factor (the qualitative independent variable) is the within-subjects factor, while the dependent quantitative variable on which each participant is measured is the dependent variable.
This is a list of statistical procedures which can be used for the analysis of categorical data, also known as data on the nominal scale and as categorical variables. General tests [ edit ]
The demography's old ambition to develop a 'family demography' has found in the sequence analysis a powerful tool to address research questions at the cross-road with other disciplines: for example, multichannel techniques [58] represent precious opportunities to deal with the issue of compatibility between working and family lives.