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The idea behind the "mixed" disease is that this specific autoantibody is also present in other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyositis, scleroderma, etc. MCTD was characterized as an individual disease in 1972 by Sharp et al., [3] [4] and the term was introduced by Leroy [5] in 1980.
Jaccoud arthropathy (JA), is a chronic non-erosive reversible joint disorder that may occur after repeated bouts of arthritis. [1] [2] It is caused by inflammation of the joint capsule and subsequent fibrotic retraction, causing ulnar deviation of the fingers, through metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP) subluxation, [1] [3] primarily of the ring and little-finger. [3]
Lupus, formally called systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue in many parts of the body. [1] Symptoms vary among people and may be mild to severe. [ 1 ]
Examples of overlap syndromes in rheumatology include mixed connective tissue disease and scleromyositis. Diagnosis depends on which diseases the patient shows symptoms and has positive antibodies for in their lab serology. In overlap syndrome, features of the following diseases are found (most common listed): [1] Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Undifferentiated connective tissue disease - unclassifiable systemic autoimmune disorders that do not meet any of the current classification requirements for connective tissue diseases yet have clinical and serological signs similar to connective tissue diseases. [31] Psoriatic arthritis - inflammatory musculoskeletal condition linked to psoriasis.
Lupus erythematosus–lichen planus overlap syndrome (lichen planus–lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome) Methotrexate-induced papular eruption; Mixed connective tissue disease (Sharp's syndrome, undifferentiated connective tissue disease) Morphea profunda; Morphea–lichen sclerosus et atrophicus overlap; Mouth and genital ulcers with ...
Undifferentiated connective tissue disease occurs when people have features of connective tissue disease, such as blood test results and external characteristics, but do not fulfill the diagnostic criteria established for any one connective tissue disease. Some 30–40% transition to a specific connective tissue disease over time.
Dermatomyositis is a form of systemic connective tissue disorder, a class of diseases that often involves autoimmune dysfunction. [15] [23] It has also been classified as an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, along with polymyositis, necrotizing autoimmune myositis, cancer-associated myositis, and sporadic inclusion body myositis. [24]