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A Brunton compass, properly known as the Brunton Pocket Transit, is a precision compass made by Brunton, Inc. of Riverton, Wyoming. The instrument was patented in 1894 by Canadian-born geologist David W. Brunton. [1] Unlike most modern compasses, the Brunton Pocket Transit utilizes magnetic induction damping rather than fluid to damp needle ...
Classic geological compass (Brunton), sideview Classic geological compass (Brunton), topview. There are a number of different specialized magnetic compasses used by geologists to measure orientation of geological structures, as they map in the field, to analyze and document the geometry of bedding planes, joints, and/or metamorphic foliations and lineations.
As William Ainsworth Inc., production of the Pocket Transit continued; the same basic design remains in production today, in numerous versions and configurations.. In 1970, the company introduced the Brunton Cadet, a simplified evolution of the Pocket Transit incorporating a compass and clinometer, intended for use in training students in the fields of geology, forestry, mining, and surveying. [9]
A compass is used to measure the feature's strike by holding the compass horizontally against the feature. A clinometer measures the feature's dip by recording the inclination perpendicular to the strike. [1] These can be done separately, or together using a tool such as a Brunton transit or a Silva compass.
A standard Brunton Geo, used commonly by geologists. While small portable compasses fitted with mechanical sighting devices have existed for a few hundred years, the first one-hand compass with a sighting device appeared around 1885. [7] These soon evolved into more elaborate and specialized models such as the Brunton Pocket Transit patented in ...
A standard Brunton Geo, a combined compass and inclinometer, popular as a cave surveying compass until recently. The most common device used by cave surveyors is a sighting compass, such as that manufactured by Suunto or Silva, that can be read to the half-degree. Compasses used for cave surveying have to be rugged to cope with the harsh ...
In navigation the instrument is also called a cross-staff and was used to determine angles, for instance the angle between the horizon and Polaris or the sun to determine a vessel's latitude, or the angle between the top and bottom of an object to determine the distance to said object if its height is known, or the height of the object if its distance is known, or the horizontal angle between ...
Brunton compass, type of precision magnetic compass; Breithaupt compass or Geological compass; Hand compass, any compact magnetic compass capable of one-hand use; Radio direction finder, a tool used in direction finding that coincides with radio communications; An alternative name of BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, which used the satellite ...