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The history of programming languages spans from documentation of early mechanical computers to modern tools for software development. Early programming languages were highly specialized, relying on mathematical notation and similarly obscure syntax . [ 1 ]
A reversed form of the Turing test is widely used on the Internet; the CAPTCHA test is intended to determine whether the user is a human or a computer. In 1948, Turing, working with his former undergraduate colleague, D.G. Champernowne, began writing a chess program for a computer that did not yet exist.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 21 February 2025. English mathematician, philosopher, and engineer (1791–1871) "Babbage" redirects here. For other uses, see Babbage (disambiguation). Charles Babbage KH FRS Babbage in 1860 Born (1791-12-26) 26 December 1791 London, England Died 18 October 1871 (1871-10-18) (aged 79) Marylebone, London ...
none (unique language) 1951 Intermediate Programming Language Arthur Burks: Short Code 1951 Boehm unnamed coding system Corrado Böhm: CPC Coding scheme 1951 Klammerausdrücke Konrad Zuse: Plankalkül 1951 Stanislaus (Notation) Fritz Bauer: none (unique language) 1951 Sort Merge Generator: Betty Holberton: none (unique language) 1952
In the spring of 1959, computer experts from industry and government were brought together in a two-day conference known as the Conference on Data Systems Languages . Hopper served as a technical consultant to the committee, and many of her former employees served on the short-term committee that defined the new language COBOL (an acronym for ...
A pivotal moment in computing history was the publication in the 1980s of the specifications for the IBM Personal Computer published by IBM employee Philip Don Estridge, which quickly led to the dominance of the PC in the worldwide desktop and later laptop markets – a dominance which continues to this day.
Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts develop a mathematical model that imitates the functioning of a biological neuron, the artificial neuron which is considered to be the first neural model invented. [12] 1950: Turing's Learning Machine: Alan Turing proposes a 'learning machine' that could learn and become artificially intelligent.
With an operating speed of 1 MHz, the Pilot Model ACE was for some time the fastest computer in the world. [52] [60] Turing's design for ACE had much in common with today's RISC architectures and it called for a high-speed memory of roughly the same capacity as an early Macintosh computer, which was enormous by the standards of his day. [52]