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Negro cloth or Lowell cloth was a coarse and strong cloth used for slaves' clothing in the West Indies and the Southern Colonies. [1] [2] [3] The cloth was imported from Europe (primarily Wales) in the 18th and 19th centuries. [4] [5] The name Lowell cloth came from the town Lowell in Massachusetts, United States, where the cloth was produced. [6]
Eventually, cheaper and less organized foreign labor replaced the mill girls. Even by the time of the founding of Lawrence in 1845, there were questions being raised about the viability of this model. [6] One of the leading causes of this transition to foreign labor and the demise of the Lowell system was the coming of the Civil War.
Cotton fields in the United States. The United States exports more cotton than any other country, though it ranks third in total production, behind China and India. [1] Almost all of the cotton fiber growth and production occurs in the Southern United States and the Western United States, dominated by Texas, California, Arizona, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana.
The main prewar agricultural products of the Confederate States were cotton, tobacco, and sugarcane, with hogs, cattle, grain and vegetable plots. Pre-war agricultural production estimated for the Southern states is as follows (Union states in parentheses for comparison): 1.7 million horses (3.4 million), 800,000 mules (100,000), 2.7 million dairy cows (5 million), 5 million sheep (14 million ...
[73] [74] Farming reached its low point in 1932, but even then millions of unemployed people were returning to the family farm having given up hope for a job in the cities. The main New Deal strategy was to reduce the supply of commodities, thereby raising the prices a little to the consumer, and a great deal to the farmer.
Cotton diplomacy, the idea that cotton would cause Britain and France to intervene in the Civil War, was unsuccessful. [53] It was thought that the Civil War caused the Lancashire Cotton Famine, a period between 1861 and 1865 of depression in the British cotton industry, by blocking off American raw cotton. Some, however, suggest that the ...
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Fruits of Victory: The Woman's Land Army of America in the Great War. ISBN 978-1-59797-273-4. (excerpts in Smithsonian; NPR interview.) Stephanie A. Carpenter (2003). On the Farm Front: The Women's Land Army in World War II. ISBN 978-0-87580-314-2. "Agriculture" in The Great Plains During World War II, ed. by R. Douglas Hurt. The Plains ...