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  2. Empirical evidence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirical_evidence

    Empirical evidence is essential to a posteriori knowledge or empirical knowledge, knowledge whose justification or falsification depends on experience or experiment. A priori knowledge, on the other hand, is seen either as innate or as justified by rational intuition and therefore as not dependent on empirical evidence.

  3. Empiricism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empiricism

    Empiricism, often used by natural scientists, believes that "knowledge is based on experience" and that "knowledge is tentative and probabilistic, subject to continued revision and falsification". [6] Empirical research, including experiments and validated measurement tools, guides the scientific method.

  4. A priori and a posteriori - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_priori_and_a_posteriori

    A priori knowledge is independent from any experience. Examples include mathematics, [i] tautologies and deduction from pure reason. [ii] A posteriori knowledge depends on empirical evidence. Examples include most fields of science and aspects of personal knowledge.

  5. Empirical research - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirical_research

    Empirical research is research using empirical evidence. It is also a way of gaining knowledge by means of direct and indirect observation or experience. Empiricism values some research more than other kinds. Empirical evidence (the record of one's direct observations or experiences) can be analyzed quantitatively or qualitatively.

  6. Epistemology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemology

    Epistemology is the branch of philosophy that examines the nature, origin, and limits of knowledge.Also called "theory of knowledge", it explores different types of knowledge, such as propositional knowledge about facts, practical knowledge in the form of skills, and knowledge by acquaintance as a familiarity through experience.

  7. Knowledge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge

    The definition of knowledge as justified true belief is often discussed in the academic literature. An often-discussed definition characterizes knowledge as justified true belief. This definition identifies three essential features: it is (1) a belief that is (2) true and (3) justified. [21] [b] Truth is a widely accepted feature of knowledge ...

  8. Scientific method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method

    The scientific method is an empirical method for acquiring knowledge that has been referred to while doing science since at least the 17th century. Historically, it was developed through the centuries from the ancient and medieval world.

  9. Carper's fundamental ways of knowing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carper's_fundamental_ways...

    Empirical Factual knowledge from science, or other external sources, that can be empirically verified. Personal Knowledge and attitudes derived from personal self-understanding and empathy, including imagining one's self in the patient's position. Ethical