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  2. Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_dental_and_alveolar...

    The sound is often analyzed and thus interpreted by non-native English-speakers as an 'R-sound' in many foreign languages. In languages for which the segment is present but not phonemic, it is often an allophone of either an alveolar stop ( [ t ] , [ d ] , or both) or a rhotic consonant (like the alveolar trill or the alveolar approximant ).

  3. Voiced alveolar and postalveolar approximants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_and_post...

    The voiced alveolar approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages.The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents the alveolar and postalveolar approximants is ɹ , a lowercase letter r rotated 180 degrees.

  4. Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar trills - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_dental,_alveolar...

    The voiced alveolar trill is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents dental, alveolar, and postalveolar trills is r , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is r. It is commonly called the rolled R, rolling R, or trilled R.

  5. Old Chinese phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese_phonology

    Although many authors have projected the Middle Chinese palatal medial -j-back to a medial *-j-in Old Chinese, others have suggested that the Middle Chinese medial was a secondary development not present in Old Chinese. Evidence includes the use of type B syllables to transcribe foreign words lacking any such medial, the lack of the medial in ...

  6. Middle Chinese finals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Chinese_finals

    In Middle Chinese, the phonological system of medieval rime dictionaries and rime tables, the final is the rest of the syllable after the initial consonant. This analysis is derived from the traditional Chinese fanqie system of indicating pronunciation with a pair of characters indicating the sounds of the initial and final parts of the syllable respectively, though in both cases several ...

  7. Voiced retroflex approximant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiced_retroflex_approximant

    A schematic mid-sagittal section of an articulation of a voiced retroflex approximant [ɻ] Features of the voiced retroflex approximant: Its manner of articulation is approximant, which means it is produced by narrowing the vocal tract at the place of articulation, but not enough to produce a turbulent airstream.

  8. R-colored vowel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-colored_vowel

    An r-colored or rhotic vowel (also called a retroflex vowel, vocalic r, or a rhotacized vowel) is a vowel that is modified in a way that results in a lowering in frequency of the third formant. [1] R-colored vowels can be articulated in various ways: the tip or blade of the tongue may be turned up during at least part of the articulation of the ...

  9. Central consonant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_consonant

    A central consonant, also known as a median consonant, [1] is a consonant sound that is produced when air flows across the center of the mouth over the tongue. The class contrasts with lateral consonants, in which air flows over the sides of the tongue rather than down its center.