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A toxin is a naturally occurring poison [1] produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. [2] They occur especially as proteins , often conjugated . [ 3 ] The term was first used by organic chemist Ludwig Brieger (1849–1919), [ 4 ] derived from toxic .
The T-2 toxin was found after civilians ate wheat that was contaminated by the Fusarium fungi during WWII from a biological weapon. The T-2 toxin was an outbreak and made humans develop symptoms like food poisoning, chills, nausea, dizziness, etc. [38] The trichothecenes mycotoxin affects animals by decreasing plasma glucose, red blood cell and ...
Experimentally induced toxungen spraying by the scorpion Parabuthus transvaalicus.. A toxungen comprises a secretion or other bodily fluid containing one or more biological toxins that is transferred by one animal to the external surface of another animal via a physical delivery mechanism with or without direct contact between the secreting animal and the victim. [1]
Biological toxin weapons (6 P) T. Toxic amino acids (20 P) Toxic effects of substances chiefly nonmedicinal as to source (6 C, 24 P) Toxins by chemical classification ...
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. [1] Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity).
Biological agents, also known as biological weapons or bioweapons, are pathogens used as weapons. In addition to these living or replicating pathogens, toxins and biotoxins are also included among the bio-agents. More than 1,200 different kinds of potentially weaponizable bio-agents have been described and studied to date.
A biological hazard, or biohazard, is a biological substance that poses a threat (or is a hazard) to the health of living organisms, primarily humans. This could include a sample of a microorganism, virus or toxin that can adversely affect human health. A biohazard could also be a substance harmful to other living beings. [a]
A toxicologist working in a lab (United States, 2008)Toxicology is a scientific discipline, overlapping with biology, chemistry, pharmacology, and medicine, that involves the study of the adverse effects of chemical substances on living organisms [1] and the practice of diagnosing and treating exposures to toxins and toxicants.