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This concept is exemplified by the famous aphorism, "the end justifies the means," variously attributed to Machiavelli or Ovid [8] i.e. if a goal is morally important enough, any method of achieving it is acceptable. [9] [10]
Situational ethics is thus a teleological or consequential theory, in that it is primarily concerned with the outcome or consequences of an action; the end. Fletcher proposed that loving ends justify any means. [4] Joseph Fletcher abandoned his theistic belief in his later life but never strayed away from his belief in situation ethics.
A means can be justified only by its end.But the end in its turn needs to be justified. From the Marxist point of view, which expresses the historical interests of the proletariat, the end is justified if it leads to increasing the power of man over nature and to the abolition of the power of man over man.
Classical political philosophy: Xenophon, Plato and Aristotle. ... he has become associated with any proposal where "the end justifies the means". For example, ...
Thus, a morally right act (or omission) is one that will produce a good outcome (the end justifies the means). Utilitarianism; Negative utilitarianism; Ethical hedonism; Ethical altruism – an ethical doctrine that holds that individuals have a moral obligation to help, serve, or benefit others, if necessary at the sacrifice of self-interest
Plato (left) and Aristotle, depicted here in The School of Athens, both developed philosophical arguments addressing the universe's apparent order (). Teleology (from τέλος, telos, 'end', 'aim', or 'goal', and λόγος, logos, 'explanation' or 'reason') [1] or finality [2] [3] is a branch of causality giving the reason or an explanation for something as a function of its end, its ...
He appeared on radio and television, was the editor of The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, wrote a philosophical autobiography, was chairman of the Royal Institute of Philosophy where he inaugurated the annual lectures subsequently published as Philosophers of Our Times, and he was an honorary associate of the National Secular Society.
The only thing that can justify P is another statement – let's call it P 1; so P 1 justifies P. But if P 1 is to be a satisfactory justification for P, then we must know that P 1 is true. But for P 1 to be known, it must also be a justified true belief. That justification will be another statement - let's call it P 2; so P 2 justifies P 1.