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The cost of conflict methodology takes into account different costs a conflict generates, including economic, military, environmental, social, and political costs.The approach considers direct costs of conflict, for instance, human deaths, expenses, destruction of land and physical infrastructure; as well as indirect costs that impact a society, for instance, migration, humiliation, the growth ...
Economic warfare or economic war is an economic strategy used by belligerent states with the goal of weakening the economy of other states. This is primarily achieved by the use of economic blockades. [1] Ravaging the crops of the enemy is a classic method, used for thousands of years.
A war economy or wartime economy is the set of preparations undertaken by a modern state to mobilize its economy for war production. Philippe Le Billon describes a war economy as a "system of producing, mobilizing and allocating resources to sustain the violence."
The economics of defense or defense economics is a subfield of economics, an application of the economic theory to the issues of military defense. [1] It is a relatively new field. An early specialized work in the field is the RAND Corporation report The Economics of Defense in the Nuclear Age by Charles J. Hitch and Roland McKean ( [2] 1960 ...
Despite overlaps, peace economics is distinct from war, military, defense, and security economics, [1] all of which are branches of conflict economics. A key difference between peace economics and these related fields is that peace economics emphasizes the study of the presence of or conditions for peace, as distinct from studying the absence ...
Finland, which the Soviets forbade from joining the Marshall Plan and was required to give large reparations to the Soviets, saw its economy recover to pre-war levels in 1947. [citation needed] France, which received billions of dollars through the Marshall Plan, similarly saw its average income per person return to almost pre-war level by 1949 ...
Book I is broken down into six chapters that begin to define economics. The text starts by describing that economics and politics differ in two major ways, one, in the subjects with which they deal and two, the number of rulers involved. Like an owner of a house, there is only one ruling in an economy, while politics involves many rulers.
British poster encouraging investment in war bonds. The economic history of World War I covers the methods used by the First World War (1914–1918), as well as related postwar issues such as war debts and reparations. It also covers the economic mobilization of labour, industry, and agriculture leading to economic failure.