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This is a list of commands from the GNU Core Utilities for Unix environments. These commands can be found on Unix operating systems and most Unix-like operating systems. GNU Core Utilities include basic file, shell and text manipulation utilities. Coreutils includes all of the basic command-line tools that are expected in a POSIX system.
The cd command can be used to change into a subdirectory, move back into the parent directory, move all the way back to the root directory or move to any given directory. Consider the following subsection of a Unix filesystem, which shows a user's home directory (represented as ~ ) with a file, text.txt , and three subdirectories.
Set the options for a terminal Version 2 AT&T UNIX tabs: Misc Mandatory Set terminal tabs PWB UNIX tail: Text processing Mandatory Copy the last part of a file PWB UNIX [citation needed] talk: Misc Optional (UP) Talk to another user 4.2BSD tee: Shell programming Mandatory Duplicate the standard output: Version 5 AT&T UNIX test: Shell ...
A Unix shell is a command-line interpreter or shell that provides a command line user interface for Unix-like operating systems. The shell is both an interactive command language and a scripting language, and is used by the operating system to control the execution of the system using shell scripts. [2]
Prints a command to the terminal as Bash reads it. Bash reads constructs all at once, such as compound commands which include if-fi and case-esac blocks. If a set -v is included within a compound command, then "verbose" will be enabled the next time Bash reads code as input, ie, after the end of the currently executing construct. [108]
Since options to commands are given in a few characters in each command line, an experienced user often finds the options easier to access. Automation of repetitive tasks is simplified by line editing and history mechanisms for storing frequently used sequences; this may extend to a scripting language that can take parameters and variable options.
A shell script can provide a convenient variation of a system command where special environment settings, command options, or post-processing apply automatically, but in a way that allows the new script to still act as a fully normal Unix command.
command > file1 executes command, placing the output in file1, as opposed to displaying it at the terminal, which is the usual destination for standard output. This will clobber any existing data in file1. Using command < file1 executes command, with file1 as the source of input, as opposed to the keyboard, which is the usual source for ...