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Microangiopathy (also known as microvascular disease, small vessel disease (SVD) or microvascular dysfunction) is a disease of the microvessels, small blood vessels in the microcirculation. [1] It can be contrasted to macroangiopathies such as atherosclerosis , where large and medium-sized arteries (e.g., aorta , carotid and coronary arteries ...
Lipohyalinosis is a cerebral small vessel disease affecting the small arteries, arterioles or capillaries in the brain.Originally defined by C. Miller Fisher as 'segmental arteriolar wall disorganisation', it is characterized by vessel wall thickening and a resultant reduction in luminal diameter.
However, the mutation causes accumulation of this protein within small to medium-sized blood vessels. [19] This disease often presents in early adulthood with migraines, stroke, mood disturbances, and cognitive deterioration. MRI shows white matter changes in the brain and also signs of repeated strokes. The diagnosis can be confirmed by gene ...
Microinfarcts may be the second most important cause of dementia, after Alzheimer's disease. [3] [4] Microinfarcts are microscopic lesions, of cellular death or tissue necrosis, which are a result of pathologies involving small vessels. Such pathologies are arteriosclerosis or cerebral amyloid angiopathy. [5]
On rare occasion, infarcts in the hippocampus or thalamus are the cause of dementia. [12] A history of stroke increases the risk of developing dementia by around 70%, and recent stroke increases the risk by around 120%. [13] Brain vascular lesions can also be the result of diffuse cerebrovascular disease, such as small vessel disease. [5]
Cerebral small vessel disease is a heterogeneous condition involving damage to the small blood vessels in the brain, leading to brain tissue damage and atrophy of the brain structures.
Brain ischemia has been linked to a variety of diseases or abnormalities. Individuals with sickle cell anemia, compressed blood vessels, ventricular tachycardia, plaque buildup in the arteries, blood clots, extremely low blood pressure as a result of heart attack, and congenital heart defects have a higher predisposition to brain ischemia in comparison to the average population.
What causes kidney disease? The most common causes of CKD are high blood pressure and diabetes, "which damage the small blood vessels and filtering units in the kidneys over time," says Nagata ...