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Similarly, two sheets of A4 can be scaled down to fit one A4 sheet without excess empty paper. This system also simplifies calculating the weight of paper. Under ISO 536, paper's grammage is defined as a sheet's mass in grams (g) per area in square metres (unit symbol g/m 2; the nonstandard abbreviation "gsm" is also used). [5]
It has 1 ⁄ 2 in (12.7 mm) spacing between ruling lines, with a single margin drawn down the center of the page. Wide ruled (or legal ruled) paper has 11 ⁄ 32 in (8.7 mm) spacing between horizontal lines, with a vertical margin drawn about 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 inches (32 mm) from the left-hand edge of the page. It is commonly used by American ...
A popular size for books, dubbed AB, combines the shorter edges of A4 and B4. Another two with an aspect ratio approximating 16:9 are 20% narrower variants of A6 and B6, respectively, the latter resulting from cutting JIS B1 into 4 × 10 sheets (thus "B40"). There are also a number of traditional paper sizes, which are now used mostly by printers.
A quire of paper is a measure of paper quantity. The usual meaning is 25 sheets of the same size and quality: 1 ⁄ 20 of a ream of 500 sheets. Quires of 25 sheets are often used for machine-made paper, while quires of 24 sheets are often used for handmade or specialised paper of 480-sheet reams.
In 1996, Marshall Bern and Barry Hayes showed that the problem of assigning a crease pattern of mountain and valley folds in order to produce a flat origami structure starting from a flat sheet of paper is NP-complete. [18] In 1999, a theorem due to Haga provided constructions used to divide the side of a square into rational fractions. [19] [20]
A size chart illustrating the ANSI sizes. In 1992, the American National Standards Institute adopted ANSI/ASME Y14.1 Decimal Inch Drawing Sheet Size and Format, [1] which defined a regular series of paper sizes based upon the de facto standard 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 11 in "letter" size to which it assigned the designation "ANSI A".
Although metric, based on the A4 paper size, and named to suggest that it is part of the official ISO 216 paper sizes, it is only a de facto standard. It is often referred to as (metric) "foolscap" or "folio" because of its similarity to the traditional foolscap folio size of 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in × 13 + 1 ⁄ 2 in (216 mm × 343 mm).
Quarter is used by comic strip collectors and dealers to describe the format in which a full page is divided horizontally into four equal parts. Quarter pages are small, but often have all of the panels of a half-page, rearranged into two tiers instead of three. Some quarters drop one panel, some add a title panel to the left of the two tiers.