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  2. Genome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome

    The term genome was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler, [8] professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany.The website Oxford Dictionaries and the Online Etymology Dictionary suggest the name is a blend of the words gene and chromosome.

  3. Genomics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomics

    Genomics is an interdisciplinary field of molecular biology focusing on the structure, function, evolution, mapping, and editing of genomes.A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes as well as its hierarchical, three-dimensional structural configuration.

  4. Human genome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_genome

    The human genome is a complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans, encoded as the DNA within each of the 23 distinct chromosomes in the cell nucleus. A small DNA molecule is found within individual mitochondria. These are usually treated separately as the nuclear genome and the mitochondrial genome. [1]

  5. Genomic organization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomic_organization

    Genome sizes and corresponding composition of six major model organisms as pie charts. The increase in genome size correlates with the vast expansion of noncoding (i.e., intronic, intergenic, and interspersed repeat sequences) and repeat DNA (e.g., satellite, LINEs, short interspersed nuclear element (SINEs), DNA (Alu sequence), in red) sequences in more complex multicellular organisms.

  6. N50, L50, and related statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N50,_L50,_and_related...

    In computational biology, N50 and L50 are statistics of a set of contig or scaffold lengths. The N50 is similar to a mean or median of lengths, but has greater weight given to the longer contigs. It is used widely in genome assembly , especially in reference to contig lengths within a draft assembly.

  7. Omics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omics

    The epigenome is the supporting structure of the genome, including protein and RNA binders, alternative DNA structures, and chemical modifications on DNA. Epigenomics : Modern technologies include chromosome conformation by Hi-C , various ChIP-seq and other sequencing methods combined with proteomic fractionations, and sequencing methods that ...

  8. Genomic DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genomic_DNA

    Most organisms have the same genomic DNA in every cell; however, only certain genes are active in each cell to allow for cell function and differentiation within the body. [2] gDNA predominantly resides in the cell nucleus packed into dense chromosome structures. Chromatin refers to the combination of DNA and proteins that make up chromosomes.

  9. DNA annotation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_annotation

    In molecular biology and genetics, DNA annotation or genome annotation is the process of describing the structure and function of the components of a genome, [2] by analyzing and interpreting them in order to extract their biological significance and understand the biological processes in which they participate. [3]