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Paronychia is an inflammation of the skin around the nail, often due to bacteria or fungi. Its sudden (acute) occurrence is usually due to the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus . Gradual (chronic) occurrences are typically caused by fungi, commonly Candida albicans .
Anatomy of the basic parts of a human nail.A. Nail plate; B. lunula; C. root; D. sinus; E. matrix; F. nail bed; G. eponychium; H. free margin. Onychia is an inflammation of the nail folds (surrounding tissue of the nail plate) of the nail with formation of pus and shedding of the nail.
Symptoms include pain along the margins of the nail caused by hypergranulation, worsening of pain when wearing tight footwear, and sensitivity to pressure of any kind (in some cases this pressure can be as light as the weight of bedsheets). Bumping of an affected toe can cause pain as the nail's surrounding tissue is punctured further.
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Onychomadesis is defined by the nail plate's detachment from the matrix, its continuous connection to the nail bed, and, frequently but not always, shedding. [4] Beau lines are transverse ridges on the nail plates. [5]
For home treatment, the American Academy of Dermatology recommends clipping the loose piece of skin with a clean nail clipper or nail scissors, and applying over-the-counter antibiotic ointment if the area appears inflamed. Persistent hangnails should be evaluated by a physician. [5]
Treatment options for warts encompass topical, intralesional, and laser therapy. Surgical methods include excision and electrodesiccation , which use electrical current to destroy tissue, although they are not recommended as first lines of treatment because of the possibility of scarring and recurrence.
[19] [20] Clinically, the diagnosis of any particular skin condition is made by gathering pertinent information regarding the presenting skin lesion(s), including the location (such as arms, head, legs), symptoms (pruritus, pain), duration (acute or chronic), arrangement (solitary, generalized, annular, linear), morphology (macules, papules ...