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  2. Japanese honorifics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_honorifics

    The Japanese language makes use of a system of honorific speech, called keishō (敬称), which includes honorific suffixes and prefixes when talking to, or referring to others in a conversation. Suffixes are often gender-specific at the end of names, while prefixes are attached to the beginning of many nouns.

  3. Desu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desu

    Desu or DESU may refer to: Desu (Japanese: です), the polite form of the Japanese copula often translated as "to be" Suiseiseki, a character from the anime and manga series Rozen Maiden whose overusage and unusual pronunciation of the copula became an early Internet meme

  4. Copula (linguistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copula_(linguistics)

    However, the polite copula desu is used as a means to mark the self-predicating class of adjectives as grammatically formal, and thus the formal equivalent of kono bīru wa oishii is kono bīru wa oishii desu. In these situations, the copula is not serving as an actual predication device; it is only a means to supply formality marking.

  5. Japanese pronouns - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_pronouns

    Japanese pronouns (代名詞, daimeishi) are words in the Japanese language used to address or refer to present people or things, where present means people or things that can be pointed at. The position of things (far away, nearby) and their role in the current interaction (goods, addresser, addressee , bystander) are features of the meaning ...

  6. Japanese phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_phonology

    Japanese phonology is the system of sounds used in the pronunciation of the Japanese language. Unless otherwise noted, this article describes the standard variety of Japanese based on the Tokyo dialect.

  7. Aizuchi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aizuchi

    In the Japanese language, aizuchi (Japanese: 相槌 or あいづち, IPA:) are interjections during a conversation that indicate the listener is paying attention or understands the speaker (backchanneling). In linguistic terms, these are a form of phatic expression. Aizuchi are considered reassuring to the speaker, indicating that the listener ...

  8. Honorific speech in Japanese - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honorific_speech_in_Japanese

    Polite language (Japanese: 丁 ( てい ) 寧 ( ねい ) 語 ( ご ), Hepburn: teineigo) is characterized by the use of the sentence ending desu (です) and the verb ending masu (ます) and the use of prefixes such as o (お) and go (ご) towards neutral objects. Television presenters invariably use polite language, and it is the ...

  9. Japanese profanity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_profanity

    In Japanese culture, social hierarchy plays a significant role in the way someone speaks to the various people they interact with on a day-to-day basis. [5] Choice on level of speech, politeness, body language and appropriate content is assessed on a situational basis, [6] and intentional misuse of these social cues can be offensive to the listener in conversation.