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Stereochemistry, a subdiscipline of chemistry, studies the spatial arrangement of atoms that form the structure of molecules and their manipulation. [1] The study of stereochemistry focuses on the relationships between stereoisomers, which are defined as having the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms (constitution) but differing in the geometric positioning of the atoms in space.
The quality of stereoselectivity is concerned solely with the products, and their stereochemistry. Of a number of possible stereoisomeric products, the reaction selects one or two to be formed. Stereomutation is a general term for the conversion of one stereoisomer into another.
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Determining stereochemistry in atropisomers using the helicity rule follows the priority: front substituent A > backward substituent A > front substituent B > backward substituent B Determining the axial stereochemistry of biaryl atropisomers can be accomplished through the use of a Newman projection along the axis of hindered rotation.
In the latter sense, the term stereospecific reaction is commonly misused to mean highly stereoselective reaction. Chiral synthesis is built on a combination of stereospecific transformations (for the interconversion of existing stereocenters) and stereoselective ones (for the creation of new stereocenters), where also the optical activity of a ...
Chirality is an important concept for stereochemistry and biochemistry. Most substances relevant to biology are chiral, such as carbohydrates ( sugars , starch , and cellulose ), all but one of the amino acids that are the building blocks of proteins , and the nucleic acids .
In chemistry, dynamic stereochemistry studies the effect of stereochemistry on the reaction rate of a chemical reaction. Stereochemistry is involved in: stereospecific reactions; stereoselective or asymmetric reactions; racemisation processes
In stereochemistry, a chiral auxiliary is a stereogenic group or unit that is temporarily incorporated into an organic compound in order to control the stereochemical outcome of the synthesis. [1] [2] The chirality present in the auxiliary can bias the stereoselectivity of one or more subsequent reactions. The auxiliary can then be typically ...