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The PAA is a version of Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure (SSP), adapted to 2–5-year-old children. It assesses the child's self-protective strategies used with the adult involved in the assessment. [57] It also uses a video recorded 8-segment process over a structured 21–23 minute adult-child interaction.
The Immaculate Conception is the belief that the Virgin Mary was free of original sin from the moment of her conception. [1] It is one of the four Marian dogmas of the Catholic Church. [ 2 ] Debated by medieval theologians, it was not defined as a dogma until 1854, [ 3 ] by Pope Pius IX in the papal bull Ineffabilis Deus . [ 4 ]
The document was promulgated on December 8, 1854, [4] the date of the annual Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception, and followed from a positive response to the encyclical Ubi primum. Mary's immaculate conception is a pronouncement made ex cathedra and is therefore considered by the Catholic Church to be infallible through the extraordinary ...
An 11th-century Eastern Orthodox icon of the Theotokos Panachranta, i.e., the "All Immaculate" Mary. [9] In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the faithful celebrate a liturgical feast on 9 December called the Conception (passive) of the Mother of God, which used to be more often called the Feast of the Conception (active) of Saint Anne. [10]
In Catholic Mariology Mary is held as having been born and conceived a Saint [2] and full of Grace, [3] as a consequence of the Immaculate Conception. [4] It is also generally held [5] by Theologians that she had free will and rational thought, through infused knowledge, from "the first instant of her conception," [6] worshipping and loving God in her mother's womb and as an infant and child. [2]
The Congregation of Marian Fathers of the Immaculate Conception of the Most Blessed Virgin Mary (Latin: Congregatio Clericorum Marianorum ab Immaculata Conceptionis Beatissimae Virginis Mariae) is a Catholic male clerical religious congregation founded, 1670, in Poland. It is also known as Marians of the Immaculate Conception.
The shrine of the Immaculate Conception, consisting of Madonna and Child as patroness of Portugal. By royal decree under the House of Braganza, the Immaculate Conception is the patroness of Portugal. An image of the Immaculate Conception venerated in the Shrine of Our Lady of Conception of Villa Vicosa was donated by Nuno Álvares Pereira.
Titian's Assumption of the Virgin (Basilica di Santa Maria Gloriosa, Venice). On 1 November 1950, invoking his dogmatic authority, Pope Pius XII defined the dogma: By the authority of our Lord Jesus Christ, of the Blessed Apostles Peter and Paul, and by our own authority, we pronounce, declare, and define it to be a divinely revealed dogma: that the Immaculate Mother of God, the ever Virgin ...