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Synthetic oxytocin, sold under the brand name Pitocin among others, is a medication made from the peptide oxytocin. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] As a medication, it is used to cause contraction of the uterus to start labor , increase the speed of labor , and to stop bleeding following delivery . [ 6 ]
Oxytocin/ergometrine (trade name Syntometrine) is an obstetric combination drug. The components are synthetically produced oxytocin , a human hormone produced in the hypothalamus , and ergometrine , an alpha-adrenergic , dopaminergic and serotonin (5-HT 2 ) receptor agonist.
Oxytocin is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. [4] Present in animals since early stages of evolution, in humans it plays roles in behavior that include social bonding, love, reproduction, childbirth, and the period after childbirth.
Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide that can be administered in this manner. IN delivery methods are gaining popularity due to the non-invasive nature of the method. IN generally does not require complicated sterile preparations, is relatively painless, and often can be administered quickly by a medical doctor, or in some cases the patient.
The father of the child also has an increase in oxytocin levels following contact with the infant and parents with higher oxytocin levels show being more responsivene and "in synch" in their interactions with their infant. The act of nursing a child also causes a release of oxytocin to help the baby get milk more easily from the nipple. [40] [41]
The nurse instructs the patient on the procedure, as follows. One nipple is massaged gently through clothing until a contraction begins, or for a maximum of 2 minutes. If at least 3 contractions in 10 minutes is not achieved, then the patient rests for 5 minutes and the other nipple is stimulated. [8] [4]
Vincent van Gogh's painting, "Self Portrait with a Straw Hat," is displayed at "Vincent van Gogh: The Drawings" during a press preview at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City in 2005.
There is no high quality evidence to indicate if IV oxytocin should be stopped once a woman reaches active labor in order to reduce the incidence of women requiring caesarean sections. [2] Use of mifepristone has been described but is rarely used in practice. [10] Relaxin has been investigated, [11] but is not currently commonly used.