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Tooth mobility is the horizontal or vertical displacement of a tooth beyond its normal physiological boundaries [1] around the gingival (gum) area, i.e. the medical term for a loose tooth. Tooth loss implies in loss of several orofacial structures, such as bone tissues, nerves, receptors and muscles and consequently, most orofacial functions ...
Periodontal pathology, also termed gum diseases or periodontal diseases, are diseases involving the periodontium (the tooth supporting structures, i.e. the gums). The periodontium is composed of alveolar bone , periodontal ligament , cementum and gingiva .
The interdental papilla, also known as the interdental gingiva, is the part of the gums (gingiva) that exists coronal to the free gingival margin on the mesial and distal surfaces of the teeth. The interdental papillae fill in the area between the teeth apical to their contact areas to prevent food impaction; they assume a conical shape for the ...
In the design of flaps, it needs to be ensured that there is adequate access and visibility. The design should also prevent bone exposure as it can lead to formation of dehiscence or fenestration. [1] For prevention of excessive bleeding, hematoma formation, displacement, bone exposure, or infection, adequate flap stabilization should be ...
The attached gums are continuous with the marginal gum. It is firm, resilient, and tightly bound to the underlying periosteum of alveolar bone. The facial aspect of the attached gum extends to the relatively loose and movable alveolar mucosa, from which it is demarcated by the mucogingival junction. Attached gum may present with surface ...
Gingival recession, also known as gum recession and receding gums, is the exposure in the roots of the teeth caused by a loss of gum tissue and/or retraction of the gingival margin from the crown of the teeth. [1] Gum recession is a common problem in adults over the age of 40, but it may also occur starting in adolescence, or around the age of 10.
The bone destruction patterns that occur as a result of periodontal disease generally take on characteristic forms. This X-ray film displays a horizontal defect . This X-ray film displays two lone-standing mandibular teeth, #21 and #22: the lower left first premolar and canine, exhibiting severe bone loss of 30-50%.
A new classification has been proposed to classify gingival and palatal recessions. The new classification system gives a comprehensive depiction of recession defect that can be used to include cases that cannot be classified according to earlier classifications. A separate classification system for palatal recessions (PR) is also proposed.