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  2. x̅ and R chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X̅_and_R_chart

    In statistical process control (SPC), the ¯ and R chart is a type of scheme, popularly known as control chart, used to monitor the mean and range of a normally distributed variables simultaneously, when samples are collected at regular intervals from a business or industrial process. [1]

  3. Range of a function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_of_a_function

    Sometimes "range" refers to the image and sometimes to the codomain. In mathematics, the range of a function may refer to either of two closely related concepts: the codomain of the function, or; the image of the function. In some cases the codomain and the image of a function are the same set; such a function is called surjective or onto.

  4. Function (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_(mathematics)

    Given two functions : and : such that the domain of g is the codomain of f, their composition is the function : defined by ( g ∘ f ) ( x ) = g ( f ( x ) ) . {\displaystyle (g\circ f)(x)=g(f(x)).} That is, the value of g ∘ f {\displaystyle g\circ f} is obtained by first applying f to x to obtain y = f ( x ) and then applying g to the result ...

  5. Range (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_(statistics)

    In descriptive statistics, the range of a set of data is size of the narrowest interval which contains all the data. It is calculated as the difference between the largest and smallest values (also known as the sample maximum and minimum ). [ 1 ]

  6. Graph of a function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_of_a_function

    Given a function: from a set X (the domain) to a set Y (the codomain), the graph of the function is the set [4] = {(, ()):}, which is a subset of the Cartesian product.In the definition of a function in terms of set theory, it is common to identify a function with its graph, although, formally, a function is formed by the triple consisting of its domain, its codomain and its graph.

  7. Domain of a function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_of_a_function

    A function f from X to Y. The set of points in the red oval X is the domain of f. Graph of the real-valued square root function, f(x) = √ x, whose domain consists of all nonnegative real numbers. In mathematics, the domain of a function is the set of inputs accepted by the function.

  8. Essential range - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essential_range

    Say (,) is equipped with its usual topology. Then the essential range of f is given by . ⁡ = { >: < {: | | <}}. [7]: Definition 4.36 [8] [9]: cf. Exercise 6.11 In other words: The essential range of a complex-valued function is the set of all complex numbers z such that the inverse image of each ε-neighbourhood of z under f has positive measure.

  9. Compositional data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compositional_data

    The only information is given by the ratios between components, so the information of a composition is preserved under multiplication by any positive constant. Therefore, the sample space of compositional data can always be assumed to be a standard simplex, i.e. κ = 1 {\displaystyle \kappa =1} .