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Burst noise is a type of electronic noise that occurs in semiconductors and ultra-thin gate oxide films. [1] It is also called random telegraph noise ( RTN ), popcorn noise , impulse noise , bi-stable noise , or random telegraph signal ( RTS ) noise.
It models burst noise (also called popcorn noise or random telegraph signal). If the two possible values that a random variable can take are c 1 {\displaystyle c_{1}} and c 2 {\displaystyle c_{2}} , then the process can be described by the following master equations :
The research group has also investigated and developed noise models for polysilicon emitter bipolar transistors, lateral pnp bipolar transistors and SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistors. One of the contributions of the research group is the demonstration of random telegraph signal (RTS) noise as a non-destructive characterization and ...
The model demonstrates that the electromagnetic waves can be reflected on the wire, and that wave patterns can form along the line. Originally developed to describe telegraph wires, the theory can also be applied to radio frequency conductors, audio frequency (such as telephone lines), low frequency (such as power lines), and pulses of direct ...
The logic values are represented by multi-dimensional "vectors" (orthogonal functions) and their superposition, where the orthogonal basis vectors are independent noises. By the proper combination (products or set-theoretical products) of basis-noises, which are called noise-bit, a logic hyperspace can be constructed with D(N) = 2 N number of dimensions, where N is the number of noise-bits.
A random vector (that is, a random variable with values in R n) is said to be a white noise vector or white random vector if its components each have a probability distribution with zero mean and finite variance, [clarification needed] and are statistically independent: that is, their joint probability distribution must be the product of the ...
Acoustic telegraphy (also known as harmonic telegraphy) was a name for various methods of multiplexing (transmitting more than one) telegraph messages simultaneously over a single telegraph wire by using different audio frequencies or channels for each message.
Dyson studied this process in the context of random matrix theory. There are several equivalent definitions: [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Definition by stochastic differential equation : d λ i = d B i + ∑ 1 ≤ j ≤ n : j ≠ i d t λ i − λ j {\displaystyle d\lambda _{i}=dB_{i}+\sum _{1\leq j\leq n:j\neq i}{\frac {dt}{\lambda _{i}-\lambda _{j}}}} where B ...