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A hypocaust (Latin: hypocaustum) is a system of central heating in a building that produces and circulates hot air below the floor of a room, and may also warm the walls with a series of pipes through which the hot air passes. This air can warm the upper floors as well. [1] The word derives from the Ancient Greek hypo meaning "under" and caust ...
Pilae stacks are stacks of pilae tiles, square or round tiles, that were used in Roman times as an element of the underfloor heating system, [1] common in Roman bathhouses, called the hypocaust. The concept of the pilae stacks is that the floor is constructed at an elevated position, allowing air to freely circulate underneath and up, through ...
The walls and floors of the warm and hot rooms were heated by a hypocaust heating system – the earliest surviving example from the Roman world. [16] The heat was produced from a single furnace, and circulated in the space under the floors, which were raised on tile pillars.
Underfloor heating. Underfloor heating and cooling is a form of central heating and cooling that achieves indoor climate control for thermal comfort using hydronic or electrical heating elements embedded in a floor. Heating is achieved by conduction, radiation and convection. Use of underfloor heating dates back to the Neoglacial and Neolithic ...
There may be one single or several heating rooms, depending on the number of premises and baths to be heated. [1] A fire under the furnace arch provides warm air, conducted to the hypocaust, an underfloor heating system to distribute heat to the caldarium, the tepidarium, the laconicum and the sudatorium.
From the tepidarium a door opened into the caldarium (E), whose mosaic floor was directly above the furnace or hypocaust. Its walls also were hollow, behind the decorated plaster one part of the wall was made from interconnected hollow bricks called tubuli lateraci , forming a great flue filled with heated air.
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