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Islam. This timeline of Islamic history relates the Gregorian and Islamic calendars in the history of Islam. This timeline starts with the lifetime of Muhammad, which is believed by non-Muslims to be when Islam started, [1] though not by Muslims. [2][3][4]
The first Islamic State, also known as State of Medina[2] was the first Islamic state established by Islamic prophet Muhammad in Medina in 622 CE under the Constitution of Medina. It represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah (nation). After Muhammad's death, his companions known as the Rightly Guided Caliphs (Rashidun) founded the ...
The ruling party had come to power on the wave of dissatisfaction with the Umayyads, cultivated by the Abbasid revolutionary Abu Muslim. [128] [129] Under the Abbasids Islamic civilization flourished. Most notable was the development of Arabic prose and poetry, termed by The Cambridge History of Islam as its "golden age". [130]
The early historian Ibn Ishaq and Tabari puts Ali Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law as the first male convert; Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari presents three candidates, and does not decide between them. [6] According to Hadith Ali was Muhammad's cousin and accepted Islam at the age of 11 making him the first male to accept Islam; Ibn Hisham & Ibn ...
The spread of Islam spans almost 1,400 years. The early Muslim conquests that occurred following the death of Muhammad in 632 CE led to the creation of the caliphates, expanding over a vast geographical area; conversion to Islam was boosted by Arab Muslim forces expanding over vast territories and building imperial structures over time. [1][2 ...
Siege of Ta'if. 630: Death of Umm Kulthum daughter of Muhammad and wife of Uthman . 631: Expedition to Tabouk, Ghassanids. 631: Death of Muhammad's son Ibrahim ibn Muhammad from Maria al-Qibtiyya. 631 or 632, tribe of Thaqif adopts Islam. 632: 6 March— Farewell pilgrimage at Mecca. 632: 8 June— Death of Muhammad.
The historiography of early Islam is the secular scholarly literature on the early history of Islam during the 7th century, from Muhammad's first purported revelations in 610 until the disintegration of the Rashidun Caliphate in 661, and arguably throughout the 8th century and the duration of the Umayyad Caliphate, terminating in the incipient Islamic Golden Age around the beginning of the 9th ...
The historicity of Muhammad refers to the study of Muhammad as a historical figure and critical examination of sources upon which traditional accounts (the Quran, sīrah, hadith especially) are based. The majority of classical scholars believe Muhammad existed as a historical figure. [1] The earliest Muslim source of information for the life of ...