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An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, peripherals, and other ...
Unix architecture. A Unix architecture is a computer operating system system architecture that embodies the Unix philosophy. It may adhere to standards such as the Single UNIX Specification (SUS) or similar POSIX IEEE standard. No single published standard describes all Unix architecture computer operating systems — this is in part a legacy ...
Kernel (operating system) The kernel is a computer program at the core of a computer 's operating system and generally has complete control over everything in the system. The kernel is also responsible for preventing and mitigating conflicts between different processes. [1] It is the portion of the operating system code that is always resident ...
1953. DYSEAC - an early machine capable of distributing computing. 1955. General Motors Operating System made for IBM 701 [2] MIT 's Tape Director operating system made for UNIVAC 1103 [3][4] 1956. GM-NAA I/O for IBM 704, based on General Motors Operating System.
The article "Usage share of operating systems" provides a broader, and more general, comparison of operating systems that includes servers, mainframes and supercomputers. Because of the large number and variety of available Linux distributions, they are all grouped under a single entry; see comparison of Linux distributions for a detailed ...
A monolithic kernel is an operating system architecture with the entire operating system running in kernel space. The monolithic model differs from other architectures such as the microkernel [1][2] in that it alone defines a high-level virtual interface over computer hardware. A set of primitives or system calls implement all operating system ...
An example block diagram, showing the Microsoft Windows 2000 operating system architecture. A block diagram is a diagram of a system in which the principal parts or functions are represented by blocks connected by lines that show the relationships of the blocks. [1] They are heavily used in engineering in hardware design, electronic design ...
Process control block. A process control block (PCB), also sometimes called a process descriptor, is a data structure used by a computer operating system to store all the information about a process. When a process is created (initialized or installed), the operating system creates a corresponding process control block, which specifies and ...