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A Graeco-Latin square or Euler square or pair of orthogonal Latin squares of order n over two sets S and T (which may be the same), each consisting of n symbols, is an n × n arrangement of cells, each cell containing an ordered pair (s, t), where s is in S and t is in T, such that every row and every column contains each element of S and each element of T exactly once, and that no two cells ...
Then r 2 /2 = 18. The three factor-pairs of 18 are (1, 18), (2, 9), and (3, 6). All three factor pairs will produce triples using the above equations. s = 1, t = 18 produces the triple [7, 24, 25] because x = 6 + 1 = 7, y = 6 + 18 = 24, z = 6 + 1 + 18 = 25. s = 2, t = 9 produces the triple [8, 15, 17] because x = 6 + 2 = 8, y = 6 + 9 = 15, z ...
These 54 elements are provided in a standardized series of logarithmic steps in the spatial frequency range from 0.250 to 912.3 line pairs per millimeter (lp/mm). The series of elements spans the range of resolution of the unaided eye, down to the diffraction limits of conventional light microscopy .
GF(2) (also denoted , Z/2Z or /) is the finite field with two elements. [1] [a] GF(2) is the field with the smallest possible number of elements, and is unique if the additive identity and the multiplicative identity are denoted respectively 0 and 1, as usual. The elements of GF(2) may be identified with the two possible values of a bit and to ...
(1 3 2) = (1 2)(1 2 3)(1 2) Infinite groups can also have finite generating sets. The additive group of integers has 1 as a generating set. The element 2 is not a generating set, as the odd numbers will be missing. The two-element subset {3, 5} is a generating set, since (−5) + 3 + 3 = 1 (in fact, any pair of coprime numbers is, as a ...
Rayleigh–Ritz method — a finite element method based on variational principles; Spectral element method — high-order finite element methods; hp-FEM — variant in which both the size and the order of the elements are automatically adapted; Examples of finite elements: Bilinear quadrilateral element — also known as the Q4 element
2 of 24-bit words such that any two distinct elements of W differ in at least 8 coordinates. W is called a linear code because it is a vector space. In all, W comprises 4096 = 2 12 elements. The elements of W are called code words. They can also be described as subsets of a set of 24 elements, where addition is defined as taking the symmetric ...
It is meant to correct for variation in compaction, pore structure and grain size. [2] The parameter is called the tortuosity factor and is related to the path length of the current flow. The value lies in the range 0.5 [citation needed] to 1.5, and it may be different in