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Carthage was founded by Tyrians. According to the Hebrew Bible, Tyre and Sidon were part of the tribe of Asher. The fifth lot fell to the tribe of the Asherites, by their clans. Their boundary ran along Helkath, Hali, Beten, Achshaph, Allammelech, Amad, and Mishal; and it touched Carmel on the west, and Shihor-libnath.
The name Carthage (/ ˈ k ɑːr θ ɪ dʒ / KAR-thij) is the Early Modern anglicisation of Middle French Carthage /kartaʒə/, [12] from Latin Carthāgō and Karthāgō (cf. Greek Karkhēdōn (Καρχηδών) and Etruscan *Carθaza) from the Punic qrt-ḥdšt (𐤒𐤓𐤕 𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕 ) "new city", [b] implying it was a "new Tyre". [14]
Ancient Carthage (/ ˈ k ɑːr θ ɪ dʒ / KAR-thij; Punic: 𐤒𐤓𐤕𐤟𐤇𐤃𐤔𐤕, lit. ' New City ') was an ancient Semitic civilisation based in North Africa. [3] Initially a settlement in present-day Tunisia, it later became a city-state, and then an empire.
The Carthaginians also adopted the Greek cults of Persephone (Kore) and Demeter in 396 BCE as a result of a plague that was seen as divine retribution for the Carthaginian desecration of these goddesses' shrines at Syracuse. [20] Nevertheless, Carthaginian religion did not undergo any significant Hellenization. [21]
The Vandal Synod of Carthage (484) was a largely unsuccessful church council meeting called by the Vandal King Huneric to persuade the Nicene bishops in his recently acquired North African territories to convert to Arian Christianity.
At Carthage, the chief gods were Baal Hammon (purportedly "Lord of the Brazier") [16] and his consort Tanit, but other deities are attested, such as Eshmun, Melqart, [17] Ashtart, Reshef, Sakon, and Shamash. [18] The Carthaginians also adopted the Greek goddesses Demeter and Kore in 396 BC, [19] as well as the Egyptian deities Bes, Bastet, Isis ...
In Gustave Flaubert's Salammbô, a historical novel about Carthage published in 1862, Moloch is a Carthaginian god who embodies the male principle and the destructive power of the sun. [64] Additionally, Moloch is portrayed as the husband of the Carthaginian goddess Tanit. [65] Sacrifices to Moloch are described at length in chapter 13. [62]
This an alphabetical List of ancient Carthaginians. These include all citizens of ancient Carthage remembered in history, before the final Roman destruction of the state. Note that some persons may be listed multiple times, once for each part of the name.
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