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Color blindness may also present itself as a symptom of degenerative diseases of the eye, such as cataract and age-related macular degeneration, and as part of the retinal damage caused by diabetes. Vitamin A deficiency may also cause color blindness. [47] Color blindness may be a side effect of prescription drug use.
According to Jay Neitz, a color vision researcher at the University of Washington, each of the three standard color-detecting cones in the retina of trichromats can detect approximately 100 gradations of color. The brain can process the combinations of these three values so that the average human can distinguish about one million colors. [8]
Achromatopsia, also known as rod monochromacy, is a medical syndrome that exhibits symptoms relating to five conditions, most notably monochromacy.Historically, the name referred to monochromacy in general, but now typically refers only to an autosomal recessive congenital color vision condition.
Color vision is categorized foremost according to the dimensionality of the color gamut, which is defined by the number of primaries required to represent the color vision. This is generally equal to the number of photopsins expressed: a correlation that holds for vertebrates but not invertebrates .
Blue cone monochromacy (BCM) is an inherited eye disease that causes severe color blindness, poor visual acuity, nystagmus, hemeralopia, and photophobia due to the absence of functional red (L) and green (M) cone photoreceptor cells in the retina.
Dichromacy in humans is a form of color blindness (color vision deficiency). Normal human color vision is trichromatic, so dichromacy is achieved by losing functionality of one of the three cone cells. The classification of human dichromacy depends on which cone is missing: Protanopia is a severe form of red-green color blindness, in which the ...
Color blindness (color vision deficiency) is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color. It can impair daily color tasks such as selecting ripe fruit or choosing clothing, as well as safety-related tasks such as interpreting traffic lights. While the disability of color blindness is considered minor, the use of color in safety ...
Color blindness, a color vision deficiency. Cortical blindness, a loss of vision caused by damage to the visual area in the brain. Flash blindness, a visual impairment following exposure to a light flash. Hysterical blindness (nowadays known as conversion disorder), the appearance of neurological symptoms without a neurological cause.