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The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most of the flowering plants following double fertilization. It is triploid (meaning three chromosome sets per nucleus) in most species, [1] which may be auxin-driven. [2] It surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form of starch, though it can also contain oils and protein. This ...
This glossary of chemistry terms is a list of terms and definitions relevant to chemistry, including chemical laws, diagrams and formulae, laboratory tools, glassware, and equipment. Chemistry is a physical science concerned with the composition, structure, and properties of matter , as well as the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions ...
The endosperm is surrounded by the aleurone layer (peripheral endosperm), filled with proteinaceous aleurone grains. Originally, by analogy with the animal ovum, the outer nucellus layer was referred to as albumen, and the inner endosperm layer as vitellus. Although misleading, the term began to be applied to all the nutrient matter.
[47] [48] The Wx gen catalyses the 1–4 linkage from glucose residues to amylose synthesis in the developing endosperm. This enzyme is located in the amyloplasts and is the major component of the starchbound protein in maize. [49] Nelson showed that starch granules from wx wx wx endosperm had very low starch granule-bound glucosyltransferase ...
The aleurone layer is the outermost layer of the endosperm, followed by the inner starchy endosperm. [1] This layer of cells is sometimes referred to as the peripheral endosperm. It lies between the pericarp and the hyaline layer of the endosperm. Unlike the cells of the starchy endosperm, aleurone cells remain alive at maturity.
Macapuno also called coconut sport, is a naturally occurring coconut cultivar which has an abnormal development of the endosperm.The result of this abnormal development is a soft translucent jelly-like flesh that fills almost the entire central cavity of coconut seeds, with little to no coconut water.
For more efficient separation, differential moisture content between germ and endosperm is desired. Tempering of kernel leads to moisture uptake. Because of the differential swelling of germ and endosperm, the germ becomes more flexible and resilient during tempering while there is no movement of material out of kernel.
Cross section of a melinjo strobile with endosperm inside. The oval fruit (technically a strobilus) measures 1–3.5 cm long, it consists of a thin velvety integument and a large nut-like endosperm 2–4 cm long inside. Fleshy strobili weigh about 5.5 g, the endosperm alone 3.8 g. It changes colour from yellow to orange, purple or pink when ...