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Portal hypertension, an important consequence of liver disease, results in the development of significant collateral circulation between the portal system and systemic venous drainage (porto-caval circulation). Portal venous congestion causes venous blood leaving the stomach and intestines to be diverted along auxiliary routes of lesser ...
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to concepts related to infectious diseases in humans.. Infection – transmission, entry/invasion after evading/overcoming defense, establishment, and replication of disease-causing microscopic organisms (pathogens) inside a host organism, and the reaction of host tissues to them and to the toxins they produce.
There are many different models of ports. The particular model selected is based on the patient's specific medical conditions. Portals: can be made of plastic, stainless steel, or titanium; can be single chamber or dual chamber; vary in height, width and shape. Catheters: can be made of biocompatible, medical-grade polyurethane or silicone
A portacaval anastomosis or portocaval anastomosis is a specific type of circulatory anastomosis that occurs between the veins of the portal circulation and the vena cava, thus forming one of the principal types of portasystemic anastomosis or portosystemic anastomosis, as it connects the portal circulation to the systemic circulation, providing an alternative pathway for the blood.
Special articulating instruments and access ports eliminate the need to place trochars externally for triangulation, thus allowing the creation of a small, solitary portal of entry into the abdomen. [citation needed] SILS has been used for several common surgical procedures including hernia repair, [1] cholecystectomy [2] and nephrectomy. [3]
Nonetheless, fomites may include soiled clothes, towels, linens, handkerchiefs, and surgical dressings. [12] [13] SARS-CoV-2 was found to be viable on various surfaces from 4 to 72 hours under laboratory conditions. On porous surfaces, studies report inability to detect viable virus within minutes to hours; on non-porous surfaces, viable virus ...
Portal hypertension is commonly seen with liver cirrhosis and/or other liver diseases such as Budd–Chiari syndrome, primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), and portal vein thrombosis. [2] The purpose of the shunt is to divert blood flow away from the liver, reducing the high pressure in the portal venous system and decreasing the risk of bleeding.
Portal vein thrombosis, incidental PM finding. Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a vascular disease of the liver that occurs when a blood clot occurs in the hepatic portal vein, which can lead to increased pressure in the portal vein system and reduced blood supply to the liver. The mortality rate is approximately 1 in 10. [1]