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Basal-cell carcinoma (BCC), also known as basal-cell cancer, basalioma [7] or rodent ulcer, [8] is the most common type of skin cancer. [2] It often appears as a painless raised area of skin, which may be shiny with small blood vessels running over it . [ 1 ]
More than 3.5 million cases of skin cancer are diagnosed annually in the United States, which makes it the most common form of cancer in that country. One in five Americans will develop skin cancer at some point of their lives. The most common form of skin cancer is basal-cell carcinoma, followed by squamous cell carcinoma.
First described in 1960 by Gorlin and Goltz, [5] NBCCS is an autosomal dominant condition that can cause unusual facial appearances and a predisposition for basal-cell carcinoma, a type of skin cancer which rarely spreads to other parts of the body. The prevalence is reported to be 1 case per 56,000–164,000 population.
Sometimes, seborrheic keratosis and basal cell carcinoma occur at the same location. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] At clinical examination, a differential diagnosis considers warts and melanomas . [ 4 ] Because only the top layers of the epidermis are involved, seborrheic keratoses are often described as having a "pasted on" appearance.
Symptoms include a lump, itchiness, changes in the skin, or bleeding from the vulva. [1] Risk factors include vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), HPV infection, genital warts, smoking, and many sexual partners. [1] [3] Most vulvar cancers are squamous cell cancers. [4] Other types include adenocarcinoma, melanoma, sarcoma, and basal cell ...
Common symptoms include extreme fatigue, joint pain or skin rashes. In rare cases, the disease may lead to kidney or heart damage, or weaken the immune system so the body can’t fight off infections.
Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma is the second-most common cancer of the skin (after basal-cell carcinoma, but more common than melanoma). It usually occurs in areas exposed to the sun. Sunlight exposure and immunosuppression are risk factors for SCC of the skin, with chronic sun exposure being the strongest environmental risk factor. [26]
Every time a basal cell divides, it creates two daughter cells, one is an identical basal cell, and the other is a new somatic cell that undergoes terminal differentiation. These cells gradually get pushed up through the layers of the epidermis by the constant proliferation of more new cells, gradually differentiating and flattening as they rise.