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In economics, profit is the difference between revenue that an economic entity has received from its outputs and total costs of its inputs, also known as surplus value. [1] It is equal to total revenue minus total cost, including both explicit and implicit costs.
In total, costs are 275 €. Sales of 300 € minus costs of 275 € gives a profit of 25 €. 25 € in relation to an initial capital investment of 500 € gives a rate of profit of 5 %. From year to year capital can grow at a rate of 5%, if all profits are invested or accumulated.
The production price usually applies to the capital value of the whole new output being sold, on which a profit rate is calculated. The profit or surplus value component of an individual commodity is rarely in equal proportion to the total profit on the total turnover of that type of commodity.
This condition is known as normal profit. Several performance measures of economic profit have been derived to further improve business decision-making such as risk-adjusted return on capital (RAROC) and economic value added (EVA) , which directly include a quantified opportunity cost to aid businesses in risk management and optimal allocation ...
The real growth rate is the change in a nominal quantity in real terms since the previous date . It measures by how much the buying power of the quantity has changed over a single period. It measures by how much the buying power of the quantity has changed over a single period.
Only in the short run can a firm in a perfectly competitive market make an economic profit. Economic profit does not occur in perfect competition in long run equilibrium; if it did, there would be an incentive for new firms to enter the industry, aided by a lack of barriers to entry until there was no longer any economic profit. [11]
Low profit margins can act as a warning to a company's owners and directors that the company might be in distress or the goods are being sold too cheap: "whatever the reason, low margins could signal trouble in the long run". [5] Profit margins can also be used to assess a company's pricing strategy. By analysing the profitability of different ...
In economics, abnormal profit, also called excess profit, supernormal profit or pure profit, is "profit of a firm over and above what provides its owners with a normal (market equilibrium) return to capital." [1] Normal profit (return) in turn is defined as opportunity cost of the owner's resources.