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Surface-supplied divers may be more heavily weighted to facilitate underwater work, and may be unable to achieve neutral buoyancy, and rely on the diving stage, bell, umbilical, lifeline, shotline or jackstay for returning to the surface. Free divers may also use weights to counteract buoyancy of a wetsuit.
Constant weight bi-fins, denoted by the acronym CWTB in competition notation, is a competitive freediving discipline wherein the freediver wears a pair of bi-fins (or stereo, as opposed to a monofin) to descend along the line with or without the use of their arms. Pulling on the rope or changing ballast will result in disqualification; only a ...
The harness holds the regulator and the air line in place, allowing the diver to swim unencumbered beneath the surface. [1] Full scuba gear, which includes a buoyancy compensator, weights, and cylinder, can weigh in excess of 27 kilograms (60 lb), [10] but this is not strictly comparable, as it would usually include a wetsuit for thermal ...
Neutral buoyancy occurs when an object's average density is equal to the density of the fluid in which it is immersed, resulting in the buoyant force balancing the force of gravity that would otherwise cause the object to sink (if the body's density is greater than the density of the fluid in which it is immersed) or rise (if it is less). An ...
A backplate and wing (often abbreviated as BP&W or BP/W) is a type of scuba harness with an attached buoyancy compensation device (BCD) which can be used to establish neutral buoyancy underwater and positive buoyancy at the surface. Unlike most other BCDs, the backplate and wing is a modular system, in that it consists of separable components.
The total buoyancy loss of a wetsuit is proportional to the initial uncompressed volume. An average person has a surface area of about 2 m 2 , [ 14 ] so the uncompressed volume of a full one piece 6 mm thick wetsuit will be in the order of 1.75 x 0.006 = 0.0105 m 3 , or roughly 10 liters.
Highly visible line helps reduce the risk of losing the line in bad visibility, and a near neutral buoyancy of the reel minimises the fatigue caused by carrying it in the hand for long periods. Matching the size of a reel or spool to its intended use allows easy recognition by feel and efficient storage. [110] [111]
Scuba divers with good trim and neutral buoyancy. The trim of a diver is the orientation of the body in the water, determined by posture and the distribution of weight and volume along the body and equipment, as well as by any other forces acting on the diver. Both static trim and its stability affect the convenience and safety of the diver ...