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Such conduct becomes bribery only when there is an identifiable exchange between the contribution and official acts, previous or subsequent, and the term quid pro quo denotes such an exchange. [12] In terms of criminal law, quid pro quo tends to get used as a euphemism for crimes such as extortion and bribery. [13]
The statutes differ in their jurisdictional elements, the mens rea that they require (for example, a quid pro quo or a nexus), the species of official actions that are cognizable, whether or not non-public official defendants can be prosecuted, and in the authorized sentence. The statutes most often used to prosecute public corruption are the ...
The second dimension of corruption is corruption as deviant behavior. Sociologist Christian Höffling and economist J. J. Sentuira both characterized corruption as social illness; the latter defined corruption as the misuse of public power for one's profit. The third dimension is the quid pro quo. Corruption always is an exchange between two or ...
quid pro quo: this for that An equal exchange of goods or services, or of money (or other consideration of equal value) for some goods or services. quo ante: as before Returning to a specific state of affairs which preceded some defined action. quo warranto: by what warrant
(The Center Square) – Quid pro quo allegations are a key part of the U.S. government’s corruption case against former Illinois House Speaker Michael Madigan and codefendant Michael McClain.
Clientelism or client politics is the exchange of goods and services for political support, often involving an implicit or explicit quid-pro-quo. [1] [2] [3] It is closely related to patronage politics and vote buying. [4] Clientelism involves an asymmetric relationship between groups of political actors described as patrons, brokers, and clients.
Extortion is the act of threatening someone or using force against that person in order to obtain something.
Convictions for this form of bribery are easier to obtain with hard evidence, a specific amount of money linked to a specific action by the recipient of the bribe. Such evidence is frequently obtained using undercover agents, since evidence of a quid pro quo relation can often be difficult to prove (influence peddling and political corruption).