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Since only "he" (a non-Jewish father) is mentioned and not "she" (a non-Jewish mother), the Talmud concludes that "your (grand)son who comes from an Israelite woman is called 'your son' (and warned about in the verse), while your (grand)son who comes from a foreign woman is not called 'your son'". Thus, Jewish descent is through the mother. [29]
The patriarchs of the Bible, when narrowly defined, are Abraham, his son Isaac, and Isaac's son Jacob, also named Israel, the ancestor of the Israelites.These three figures are referred to collectively as the patriarchs, and the period in which they lived is known as the patriarchal age.
Women in Judaism have affected the course of Judaism over millennia. Their role is reflected in the Hebrew Bible, the Oral Law (the corpus of rabbinic literature), by custom, and by cultural factors. Although the Hebrew Bible and rabbinic literature present various female role models, religious law treats women in specific ways.
The Bible contains an intricate pattern of chronologies from the creation of Adam, the first man, to the reigns of the later kings of ancient Israel and Judah.Based on this chronology and the Rabbinic tradition, ancient Jewish sources such as Seder Olam Rabbah date the birth of Abraham to 1948 AM (c. 1813 BCE) [3] and place the death of Jacob in 2255 AM (c. 1506 BCE).
The Jewish Encyclopedia's article "Sarah" [1] notes that the story of Sarah's life, brief and incomplete as it is, presents nevertheless curious repetitions, e.g., the incident with Pharaoh and a similar incident with Abimelech (Genesis 12:10 and Genesis 20:1). According to the Jewish Encyclopedia, the recurring story has a unified purpose:
Although very few Eastern European Jewish women before the nineteenth century have left writings, Leah was the author of the Tkhinne of the Matriarchs, an eight-page, trilingual prayer for the Sabbath before the New Moon. (As is often the case, the place and date of publication are not mentioned in most of the printed editions.)
Yichud also applies outdoors. Illustration from Eliza Orzeszkowa's novel Meir Ezofowicz, which deals with the conflict between Jewish orthodoxy and modern liberalism.. The laws of yichud provide for strong restrictions on unrelated members of the opposite sex being secluded together, and milder ones for close family members.
The midrash [2] is the genre of rabbinic literature which contains early interpretations and commentaries on the Written Torah and Oral Torah, as well as non-legalistic rabbinic literature and occasionally the Jewish religious laws , which usually form a running commentary on specific passages in the Tanakh. [3]