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Later in the 1870s, a Swedish captain called D. H. Friberg patented a design which introduced both flapper-locking and the fully automatic recoil operated machine gun. [7] Furthermore, in 1875 a means of cocking a rifle through recoil was patented through the patent agent Frank Wirth by a German called Otto Emmerich. [8]
For a gun firing under free-recoil conditions, the force on the gun may not only force the gun backwards, but may also cause it to rotate about its center of mass or recoil mount. This is particularly true of older firearms, such as the classic Kentucky rifle , where the butt stock angles down significantly lower than the barrel, providing a ...
Illustration of forces in muzzle rise. Projectile and propellant gases act on barrel along barrel centerline A. Forces are resisted by shooter contact with gun at grips and stock B. Height difference between barrel centerline and average point of contact is height C. Forces A and B operating over moment arm / height C create torque or moment D, which rotates the firearm's muzzle up as ...
The barrel for the KS-23 were made from 23 mm aircraft gun barrels that were rejected due to manufacturing flaws. These rejected barrels were deemed to be acceptable for the lower stress of firing slugs and less-lethal rounds, and thus were cut down in length for use as shotgun barrels.
For much of its life, four different models were proposed: a compact PDW (personal defense weapon) with a 241 mm (9.5 in) barrel, a carbine with a 317 mm (12.5 in) barrel, a sniper and automatic rifle variant, both with 508 mm (20 in) barrels. In addition a Light machine gun with a 100-round dual drum Beta C-Mag is proposed.
The downside is the increased recoil and muzzle blast from the high powder mass, and high muzzle pressure. Most rifle cartridges have a high load density with the appropriate powders. Rifle cartridges tend to be bottlenecked, with a wide base narrowing down to a smaller diameter, to hold a light, high-velocity bullet.
30x250 mm RE ACN Germany: 1993 M18 Recoilless Rifle: 57 mm SS RCL United States: 1942 SPG-9: 73 mm (2.87 in) smoothbore SS AT Soviet Union: 1962 Miniman: FFV Ordnance 74 mm SS AT Sweden: 1968 LG 40: Rheinmetall: 75×130 mm. R 75×200 mm. R SS RCL Nazi Germany: 1941 M20: 75 mm SS RCL United States: 1944 Breda Folgore: Breda Meccanica Bresciana ...
According to Newtonian mechanics, if the gun and shooter are at rest initially, the force on the bullet will be equal to that on the gun-shooter. This is due to Newton's third law of motion (For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction). Consider a system where the gun and shooter have a combined mass m g and the bullet has a mass m b.