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Madagascar's First Republic (1960–1972) was established as a democratic system modeled on that of France and led by President Philibert Tsiranana. Popular unrest led to the socialist Democratic Republic of Madagascar under Admiral Didier Ratsiraka (1975–1992) distinguished by economic isolationism and political alliances with pro-Soviet states.
Government flags used from 1810 to 1885. The Kingdom of Merina, also known as the Kingdom of Madagascar and officially the Kingdom of Imerina (Malagasy: Fanjakan'Imerina; c. 1540 –1897), was a pre-colonial state off the coast of Southeast Africa that, by the 18th century, dominated most of what is now Madagascar.
Below is a list of the line of Merina monarchs that ruled in the Central Highlands of Madagascar and from whom were issued the first true monarchs of a united Madagascar in the 19th century. Before the uniting of Madagascar, succession was based on the current monarch's designation of an heir, typically from among his or her own children.
Post abolished (1 May 1959 – 26 June 1960) No. Portrait Name (Birth–Death) Term of office Political affiliation Took office Left office Malagasy Republic (independent) Post abolished (26 June 1960 – 18 May 1972) 8 Gabriel Ramanantsoa (1906–1979) 18 May 1972 5 February 1975 (resigned.) Military: Post abolished (5 February 1975 – 30 ...
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1 July 1960: Republican constitution adopted Kenya: Queen of Kenya: 12 December 1963 [a] 12 December 1964: Republican constitution adopted: Kongo: Manuel III: King of Kongo: 1872: 1911: 1914: Portuguese vassal, annexation: 1927 Libya: Idris I: King of Libya: 12 March 1889: 24 December 1951: 1 September 1969: Deposed: 25 May 1983: Madagascar ...
The French position on the island was solidified by the First Madagascar expedition (May 1883 to December 1885, the first phase of the Franco-Hova Wars). The protectorate lasted until 1897, when the French abolished the monarchy and turned the island into a colony , following the Second Madagascar expedition (December 1894 to September 1895 ...
The Malagasy Republic (Malagasy: Repoblika Malagasy, French: République malgache) was a state situated in Southeast Africa on the island of Madagascar.It was established in 1958 as an autonomous republic within the newly created French Community, became fully independent in 1960, and existed until the proclamation of the Democratic Republic of Madagascar in 1975.