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Acid rain is rain or any other form of precipitation that is unusually acidic, meaning that it has elevated levels of hydrogen ions (low pH).Most water, including drinking water, has a neutral pH that exists between 6.5 and 8.5, but acid rain has a pH level lower than this and ranges from 4–5 on average.
Diagram depicting the sources and cycles of acid rain precipitation. Freshwater acidification occurs when acidic inputs enter a body of fresh water through the weathering of rocks, invasion of acidifying gas (e.g. carbon dioxide), or by the reduction of acid anions, like sulfate and nitrate within a lake, pond, or reservoir. [1]
The Eastern Canadian Provinces (dark green) were the focal point in Canada's mitigation plan towards minimizing acid rain in the country, and lead to the implementation of the Eastern Canada Acid Rain Program in 1985. The United States-Canada Air Quality Agreement initially prioritized the reduction of acid rain within each country. [13]
The Acid Rain Retirement Fund (A.R.R.F) is an all-volunteer, non-profit environmental educational organization, incorporated in Maine, dedicated to reducing pollution by purchasing and "retiring" marketable sulfur dioxide emissions allowances issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Acid Rain Program. A.R.R.F. was created in 1995 ...
Turów Power Station, a thermal power station in Bogatynia, Poland Effects of acid rain in the Jizera Mountains in 2006. The Black Triangle (German: Schwarzes Dreieck, Lower Sorbian: Carny tsirozk, Upper Sorbian: Čorny trirózk) is the border region between Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic, long characterized by extremely high levels of pollution.
A leading pioneer in long-term multidisciplinary ecological studies, Likens examines energy flow and biogeochemical flux models in the ecosystems of forests, streams and lakes. Likens is best known for leading the team of scientists that discovered acid rain in North America, and connected fossil fuels with increasing acidity of precipitation.
Katsuko Saruhashi (猿橋 勝子, Saruhashi Katsuko, March 22, 1920 – September 29, 2007) was a Japanese geochemist who created tools that let her take some of the first measurements of carbon dioxide (CO 2) levels in seawater.